To do that, use the standard Python type hint <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:

/// note

    private static boolean removeLastDuplication(final StringBuilder buf, final int size, final boolean isSpace,
            final Set<String> termCache) {
        final String target = rightString(buf, size);
        if (!termCache.contains(target)) {
            termCache.add(target);
            return isSpace;
        }
        buf.setLength(buf.length() - size);
        if (!isSpace && !isLastSpaceChar(buf)) {

        when(transport.getContext()).thenReturn(cifsContext);
    }

    // Helper to set private fields for targeted edge cases
    private static void setField(Object target, String name, Object value) {
        try {
            Field f = target.getClass().getDeclaredField(name);
            f.setAccessible(true);
            f.set(target, value);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

     * Return an existing file, not a directory - causes creation to fail.
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    protected ArtifactRepository badLocalRepository() throws Exception {
        String path = "target/test-repositories/" + component() + "/bad-local-repository";

        File f = new File(getBasedir(), path);

        f.createNewFile();

        return artifactRepositoryFactory.createArtifactRepository(

/// info | Información

Puedes leer más sobre los manejadores `lifespan` de Starlette en <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de `Lifespan` de Starlette</a>.

As you saw in the previous chapter about [Deployment Concepts](concepts.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, there are multiple strategies you can use.

Here I'll show you how to use **Uvicorn** with **worker processes** using the `fastapi` command or the `uvicorn` command directly.

/// info

		Help:      "Total number of bytes replicated to the target",
		Type:      counterMetric,
	}
}

func getRepSentOperationsMD(namespace MetricNamespace) MetricDescription {
	return MetricDescription{
		Namespace: namespace,
		Subsystem: replicationSubsystem,
		Name:      sentCount,
		Help:      "Total number of objects replicated to the target",
		Type:      gaugeMetric,
	}
}

만약 JWT 토큰을 다뤄보고, 작동 방식도 알아보고 싶다면 <a href="https://jwt.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://jwt.io</a> 을 확인하십시오.

## `PyJWT` 설치

파이썬으로 JWT 토큰을 생성하고 검증하려면 `PyJWT` 를 설치해야 합니다.

[가상환경](../../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 을 만들고 활성화한 다음 `pyjwt` 를 설치하십시오:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install pyjwt

---> 100%
```

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Nota

Para más detalles, revisa la documentación de Starlette sobre <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">probando sesiones WebSocket</a>.

///

## Використання `Annotated` у типі параметра `q`

Пам’ятаєте, як я раніше розповідав, що `Annotated` можна використовувати для додавання метаданих до параметрів у [Вступі до типів Python](../python-types.md#type-hints-with-metadata-annotations){.internal-link target=_blank}?