checkFromStringCase("google.com:25\t", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("google.com:0x25 ", 1, null, 99, false);
  }

  public void testFromStringUnparseableNonsense() {
    // Some nonsense that causes parse failures.
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]:80", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[", 1, null, 99, false);

    checkFromStringCase("google.com:25\t", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("google.com:0x25 ", 1, null, 99, false);
  }

  public void testFromStringUnparseableNonsense() {
    // Some nonsense that causes parse failures.
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[goo.gl]:80", 1, null, 99, false);
    checkFromStringCase("[", 1, null, 99, false);

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void omitForCycle(Artifact omitted) {
        logger.debug(indent + omitted + " (removed - causes a cycle in the graph)");
    }

    @Override
    public void updateScopeCurrentPom(Artifact artifact, String ignoredScope) {

        assertEquals(rootCause, withCauseException.getRootCause());
        assertEquals(withCauseException.getCause(), withCauseException.getRootCause());

        // Test with nested causes
        RuntimeException middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle", rootCause);
        TransportException nestedCauseException = new TransportException("Nested", middleCause);

            // Act & Assert
            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> resp.readBytesWireFormat(null, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Insufficient buffer causes ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException")
        void shortBuffer_throwsAIOOBE() {
            // Arrange: length 1 means readInt2 will access index 1 and fail
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1];

 *
 * <p>
 * This exception can be thrown when there are problems accessing URLs, files, or any other resources needed for crawling.
 * It includes constructors to handle messages, causes, or both.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * The log level can be set to DEBUG, INFO, WARN, or ERROR, and the class provides methods to check if a specific log level is enabled.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * Example usage:
 * </p>

                    return (int) misses.incrementAndGet();
                  }
                });

    // To start, fill up the cache.
    // Each miss both increments the counter and causes the map to grow by one,
    // so until evictions begin, the size of the map is the greatest return
    // value seen so far
    while (cache.getUnchecked(nextRandomKey()) < maximumSize) {}

    requests.set(0);

        assertEquals(longMessage, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_getCause_withNestedExceptions() {
        // Test deeply nested exception causes
        Exception level3 = new Exception("Level 3: Database connection failed");
        Exception level2 = new Exception("Level 2: User lookup failed", level3);

        GsaConfigException exception = new GsaConfigException(message, cause);

        assertNotNull(exception.getStackTrace());
        assertTrue(exception.getStackTrace().length > 0);

        // Verify cause's stack trace is also preserved
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getStackTrace());
        assertTrue(exception.getCause().getStackTrace().length > 0);
    }

    public void test_multiLevelCause() {

                "System.arraycopy should throw for insufficient destination space");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("encode() throws when dstIndex causes overflow")
    void encodeThrowsWhenDstIndexCausesOverflow() {
        byte[] src = makeSeq(5);
        Encodable enc = new ByteEncodable(src, 0, 5);