* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #refreshAfterWrite} was already set
   * @since 11.0
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // To be supported (synchronously).
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public CacheBuilder<K, V> refreshAfterWrite(long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
    checkNotNull(unit);

   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is negative
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@link #refreshAfterWrite} was already set
   * @since 11.0
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // To be supported (synchronously).
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public CacheBuilder<K, V> refreshAfterWrite(long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
    checkNotNull(unit);

  /** Returns the trailers after the HTTP response. May be empty. */
  @Throws(IOException::class)
  fun trailers(): Headers

  /**
   * Cancel this stream. Resources held by this stream will be cleaned up, though not synchronously.
   * That may happen later by the connection pool thread.
   */
  fun cancel()

  /**
   * Carries an exchange. This is usually a connection, but it could also be a connect plan for

When Go 1.23 builds older programs, the old behaviors remain in effect.
The new [GODEBUG setting](/doc/godebug) [`asynctimerchan=1`](/pkg/time/#NewTimer)
can be used to revert back to asynchronous channel behaviors

      // interact poorly with the reentrancy-avoiding behavior of this executor - when the operation
      // before the cancelled future completes, it will synchronously complete both the newFuture
      // from the cancelled operation and its own. This can cause one runnable to queue two tasks,
      // breaking the invariant this method relies on to iteratively run the next task after the

   */
  fun cancel()

  fun interface Factory {
    /**
     * Creates a new event source and immediately returns it. Creating an event source initiates an
     * asynchronous process to connect the socket. Once that succeeds or fails, `listener` will be
     * notified. The caller must cancel the returned event source when it is no longer in use.
     */
    fun newEventSource(

  auto allocator = std::make_unique<AsyncValueAllocator>();
  tensorflow::Tensor tensor(allocator.get(), DT_FLOAT, {1});
  TF_ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
      auto pjrt_client,
      xla::GetTfrtCpuClient(/*asynchronous=*/true, /*cpu_device_count=*/1));
  std::vector<int32_t> data(1, 0);
  xla::Shape shape = xla::ShapeUtil::MakeShape(xla::S32, {1});
  TF_ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
      auto buffer,
      pjrt_client->BufferFromHostBuffer(

以及如何[使用 `CORSMiddleware` 处理 CORS](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}。

本章学习如何使用其它中间件。

## 添加 ASGI 中间件

因为 **FastAPI** 基于 Starlette，且执行 <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface，异步服务器网关界面">ASGI</abbr> 规范，所以可以使用任意 ASGI 中间件。

中间件不必是专为 FastAPI 或 Starlette 定制的，只要遵循 ASGI 规范即可。

总之，ASGI 中间件是类，并把 ASGI 应用作为第一个参数。

因此，有些第三方 ASGI 中间件的文档推荐以如下方式使用中间件：

```Python

            }
        };
    }

    // ===================================================================================
    //                                                                        Asynchronous
    //                                                                        ============
    protected void async(final AsyncManager asyncManager, final Runnable runnable) {

    title: JWT Authentication with FastAPI and AWS Cognito
  - author: Ankush Thakur
    author_link: https://geekflare.com/author/ankush/
    link: https://geekflare.com/python-asynchronous-web-frameworks/
    title: Top 5 Asynchronous Web Frameworks for Python
  - author: Nico Axtmann
    author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nico-axtmann