def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>⚖️ ⚙️ <code>async def</code>...</summary>

🚥 👆 📟 ⚙️ `async` / `await`, ⚙️ `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}

    By doing it this way, we can put it in a `with` block, and that way, ensure that it is closed after finishing.

!!! tip
    Notice that here as we are using standard `open()` that doesn't support `async` and `await`, we declare the path operation with normal `def`.

### `FileResponse`

Asynchronously streams a file as the response.

Takes a different set of arguments to instantiate than the other response types:

fusse
fusses
fût
fussions
fussiez
fussent
ayant
eu
eue
eues
eus
ai
as
avons
avez
ont
aurai
auras
aura
aurons
aurez
auront
aurais
aurait
aurions
auriez
auraient
avais
avait
avions
aviez
avaient
eut
eûmes
eûtes
eurent
aie
aies
ait
ayons
ayez
aient
eusse
eusses
eût
eussions

    , ⚫️ 🚂 🔢 👈 📨 "🏭" 👷 🕳 🙆 🔘.

    🔨 ⚫️ 👉 🌌, 👥 💪 🚮 ⚫️ `with` 🍫, & 👈 🌌, 🚚 👈 ⚫️ 📪 ⏮️ 🏁.

!!! tip
    👀 👈 📥 👥 ⚙️ 🐩 `open()` 👈 🚫 🐕‍🦺 `async` & `await`, 👥 📣 ➡ 🛠️ ⏮️ 😐 `def`.

### `FileResponse`

🔁 🎏 📁 📨.

✊ 🎏 ⚒ ❌ 🔗 🌘 🎏 📨 🆎:

* `path` - 📁 📁 🎏.
* `headers` - 🙆 🛃 🎚 🔌, 📖.

    **FastAPI** provides the same `WebSocket` directly just as a convenience for you, the developer. But it comes directly from Starlette.

## Await for messages and send messages

In your WebSocket route you can `await` for messages and send messages.

```Python hl_lines="48-52"
{!../../../docs_src/websockets/tutorial001.py!}
```

You can receive and send binary, text, and JSON data.

* `seek(offset)`: Goes to the byte position `offset` (`int`) in the file.
    * E.g., `await myfile.seek(0)` would go to the start of the file.
    * This is especially useful if you run `await myfile.read()` once and then need to read the contents again.
* `close()`: Closes the file.

As all these methods are `async` methods, you need to "await" them.

For example, inside of an `async` *path operation function* you can get the contents with:

  }

  /** For testing: force this web socket to release its threads. */
  @Throws(InterruptedException::class)
  fun tearDown() {
    taskQueue.shutdown()
    taskQueue.idleLatch().await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
  }

  @Synchronized fun sentPingCount(): Int = sentPingCount

  @Synchronized fun receivedPingCount(): Int = receivedPingCount

                  allExceptions.add(e)
                }
                latch.countDown()
              }
            },
          )
        }

        latch.await()

        // No mutations should be possible after this point
        if (allAddresses.isEmpty()) {
          val first = allExceptions.firstOrNull() ?: UnknownHostException("No results for $hostname")

* Scale max-inflight limits together with master VM sizes. ([#73268](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/73268), [@wojtek-t](https://github.com/wojtek-t))
* kubeadm: explicitly wait for `etcd` to have grown when joining a new control plane ([#72984](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/72984), [@ereslibre](https://github.com/ereslibre))

pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SEM_UNLINK ideal-int
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SEM_WAIT = 271
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SEM_WAIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SEM_WAIT_NOCANCEL = 420
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SEM_WAIT_NOCANCEL ideal-int
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SENDFILE = 337
pkg syscall (darwin-arm64), const SYS_SENDFILE ideal-int