process(readBuffer);
    }

    // Finally stick the remainder back in our usual buffer
    buffer.put(readBuffer);
    return this;
  }

  /*
   * Note: hashString(CharSequence, Charset) is intentionally not overridden.
   *
   * While intuitively, using CharsetEncoder to encode the CharSequence directly to the buffer (or

 * for information on the behaviour of the algorithm.
 *
 * <p>On Intel Core2 2.66, on 1000 bytes, fingerprint2011 takes 0.9 microseconds compared to
 * fingerprint at 4.0 microseconds and md5 at 4.5 microseconds.
 *
 * <p>Note to maintainers: This implementation relies on signed arithmetic being bit-wise equivalent
 * to unsigned arithmetic in all cases except:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>comparisons (signed values can be negative)

        // Then - Buffer should be valid
        assertNotNull(buffer2, "Reused buffer should not be null");
        assertEquals(SmbComTransaction.TRANSACTION_BUF_SIZE, buffer2.length, "Reused buffer should have correct size");

        // Note: We don't check if content is cleared as that's not a security requirement
        // The important part is that the buffer is valid and has correct size
    }

    /**

        }).when(smbFile).send(any(SmbComReadAndX.class), any(SmbComReadAndXResponse.class));

        smbRandomAccessFile.readFully(buffer);
        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 }, buffer);
        // Note: There appears to be a bug in the implementation where readFully
        // incorrectly updates the file pointer twice
        assertEquals(10, smbRandomAccessFile.getFilePointer());
    }

# where the user may wish to change just one option.
if [[ -z "${TFCI:-}" ]]; then
  echo '==TFCI==: The $TFCI variable is not set. This is fine as long as you'
  echo 'already sourced a TFCI env file with "set -a; source <path>; set +a".'
  echo 'If you have not, you will see a lot of undefined variable errors.'
else
  FROM_ENV=$(mktemp)
  # "export -p" prints a list of environment values in a safe-to-source format,

```Python hl_lines="1  4"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009.py!}
```

Использование `Optional[str]` вместо просто `str` позволит редактору помочь вам в обнаружении ошибок, в которых вы могли бы предположить, что значение всегда является `str`, хотя на самом деле это может быть и `None`.

#### Generic-типы

            return text.substring(prefix.length());
        }
        return text;
    }

    /**
     * Decapitalizes a string according to JavaBeans conventions.
     * Note: If the first two characters are uppercase, the string will not be decapitalized.
     * <p>
     * Usage example:
     * </p>
     *
     * <pre>
     * StringUtil.decapitalize("UserId")  = "userId"

사용자로부터 받은 패스워드를 해싱하는 유틸리티 함수를 생성합니다.

그리고 받은 패스워드가 저장된 해시와 일치하는지 검증하는 또 다른 유틸리티 함수도 생성합니다.

그리고 사용자를 인증하고 반환하는 또 다른 함수도 생성합니다.

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[8,49,56:57,60:61,70:76] *}

/// note

새로운 (가짜) 데이터베이스 `fake_users_db`를 확인하면, 해시 처리된 패스워드가 어떻게 생겼는지 볼 수 있습니다: `"$2b$12$EixZaYVK1fsbw1ZfbX3OXePaWxn96p36WQoeG6Lruj3vjPGga31lW"`.

///

## JWT 토큰 처리

설치된 모듈을 임포트 합니다.

* Wenn der Parameter vom Typ eines **Pydantic-Modells** ist, wird er als Request**body** interpretiert.

/// note | Hinweis

FastAPI weiß, dass der Wert von `q` nicht erforderlich ist, wegen des definierten Defaultwertes `= None`

Das `Union` in `Union[str, None]` wird von FastAPI nicht verwendet, aber es erlaubt Ihrem Editor, Sie besser zu unterstützen und Fehler zu erkennen.

///

## Ohne Pydantic

`Response`를 직접 반환할 때에도 헤더를 추가할 수 있습니다.

[응답을 직접 반환하기](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}에서 설명한 대로 응답을 생성하고, 헤더를 추가 매개변수로 전달하세요.

{* ../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001.py hl[10:12] *}

/// note | 기술적 세부사항

`from starlette.responses import Response`나 `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`를 사용할 수도 있습니다.

**FastAPI**는 `starlette.responses`를 `fastapi.responses`로 개발자의 편의를 위해 직접 제공하지만, 대부분의 응답은 Starlette에서 직접 제공됩니다.