throws IOException {
    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    try (OutputStream encodingStream = encoding.encodingStream(writer)) {
      encodingStream.write(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8));
    }
    assertThat(writer.toString()).isEqualTo(encoded);
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // Reader
  private static void testStreamingDecodes(BaseEncoding encoding, String encoded, String decoded)
      throws IOException {

  }

  public void testNullWriter() throws Exception {
    // create a null writer
    Writer nullWriter = CharStreams.nullWriter();
    // write to the writer
    nullWriter.write('n');
    String test = "Test string for NullWriter";
    nullWriter.write(test);
    nullWriter.write(test, 2, 10);
    nullWriter.append(null);
    nullWriter.append(null, 0, 4);

  }

  public void testNullWriter() throws Exception {
    // create a null writer
    Writer nullWriter = CharStreams.nullWriter();
    // write to the writer
    nullWriter.write('n');
    String test = "Test string for NullWriter";
    nullWriter.write(test);
    nullWriter.write(test, 2, 10);
    nullWriter.append(null);
    nullWriter.append(null, 0, 4);

    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns a Writer that sends all output to the given {@link Appendable} target. Closing the
   * writer will close the target if it is {@link Closeable}, and flushing the writer will flush the
   * target if it is {@link java.io.Flushable}.
   *
   * @param target the object to which output will be sent
   * @return a new Writer object, unless target is a Writer, in which case the target is returned
   */

    public CharSink createSink() throws IOException {
      File file = createFile();
      if (initialString != null) {
        Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), Charsets.UTF_8);
        try {
          writer.write(initialString);
        } finally {
          writer.close();
        }
        return Files.asCharSink(file, Charsets.UTF_8, FileWriteMode.APPEND);
      }

      throws IOException {
    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    try (OutputStream encodingStream = encoding.encodingStream(writer)) {
      encodingStream.write(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8));
    }
    assertThat(writer.toString()).isEqualTo(encoded);
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // Reader
  private static void testStreamingDecodes(BaseEncoding encoding, String encoded, String decoded)
      throws IOException {

    assertFalse(source.wasStreamClosed());

    StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
    char[] buf = new char[64];
    int read;
    while ((read = reader.read(buf)) != -1) {
      writer.write(buf, 0, read);
    }
    reader.close();
    writer.close();

    assertTrue(source.wasStreamClosed());
    assertEquals(STRING, writer.toString());
  }

  public void testLines() throws IOException {

   * {@code Writer}. When the returned {@code OutputStream} is closed, so is the backing {@code
   * Writer}.
   */
  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // Writer,OutputStream
  public abstract OutputStream encodingStream(Writer writer);

  /**
   * Returns a {@code ByteSink} that writes base-encoded bytes to the specified {@code CharSink}.
   */
  @J2ktIncompatible

    }

    @Override
    public long copyTo(CharSink sink) throws IOException {
      checkNotNull(sink);
      Closer closer = Closer.create();
      try {
        Writer writer = closer.register(sink.openStream());
        writer.write((String) seq);
        return seq.length();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        throw closer.rethrow(e);
      } finally {
        closer.close();
      }
    }
  }

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.Buffer;