/**
   * Returns {@code ? extends X} if any of {@code bounds} is a subtype of {@code X[]}; or null
   * otherwise.
   */
  private static @Nullable Type subtypeOfComponentType(Type[] bounds) {
    for (Type bound : bounds) {
      Type componentType = getComponentType(bound);
      if (componentType != null) {
        // Only the first bound can be a class or array.
        // Bounds after the first can only be interfaces.

      if (type == null) {
        Type[] bounds = var.getBounds();
        if (bounds.length == 0) {
          return var;
        }
        Type[] resolvedBounds = new TypeResolver(forDependants).resolveTypes(bounds);
        /*
         * We'd like to simply create our own TypeVariable with the newly resolved bounds. There's

      if (type == null) {
        Type[] bounds = var.getBounds();
        if (bounds.length == 0) {
          return var;
        }
        Type[] resolvedBounds = new TypeResolver(forDependants).resolveTypes(bounds);
        /*
         * We'd like to simply create our own TypeVariable with the newly resolved bounds. There's

  /**
   * Returns {@code ? extends X} if any of {@code bounds} is a subtype of {@code X[]}; or null
   * otherwise.
   */
  private static @Nullable Type subtypeOfComponentType(Type[] bounds) {
    for (Type bound : bounds) {
      Type componentType = getComponentType(bound);
      if (componentType != null) {
        // Only the first bound can be a class or array.
        // Bounds after the first can only be interfaces.

   */
  @VisibleForTesting
  static int optimalNumOfHashFunctions(double p) {
    // -log(p) / log(2), ensuring the result is rounded to avoid truncation.
    return max(1, (int) Math.round(-Math.log(p) / LOG_TWO));
  }

  /**
   * Computes m (total bits of Bloom filter) which is expected to achieve, for the specified

    listener.assertFailure("canceled")
  }

  @Test
  fun failureWith401IsReadable() {
    server.enqueue(
      MockResponse(
        code = 401,
        body = "{\"error\":{\"message\":\"No auth credentials found\",\"code\":401}}",
        headers = Headers.headersOf("content-type", "application/json"),
      ),
    )
    server.enqueue(
      MockResponse(
        body =
          """
          |data: hey

          > 0) {
        threshold = buffer[i];
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Partitions the contents of buffer in the range [left, right] around the pivot element
   * previously stored in buffer[pivotValue]. Returns the new index of the pivot element,
   * pivotNewIndex, so that everything in [left, pivotNewIndex] is ≤ pivotValue and everything in

  private static class Counter<N extends Number> {
    @Keep List<N> counts;
  }

  public void testWildcardCaptured_typeVariableDeclaresTypeBound_wildcardHasNoExplicitUpperBound()
      throws Exception {
    TypeToken<Counter<?>> type = new TypeToken<Counter<?>>() {};
    TypeToken<?> fieldType =
        type.resolveType(Counter.class.getDeclaredField("counts").getGenericType());

  private static class Counter<N extends Number> {
    @Keep List<N> counts;
  }

  public void testWildcardCaptured_typeVariableDeclaresTypeBound_wildcardHasNoExplicitUpperBound()
      throws Exception {
    TypeToken<Counter<?>> type = new TypeToken<Counter<?>>() {};
    TypeToken<?> fieldType =
        type.resolveType(Counter.class.getDeclaredField("counts").getGenericType());

    return ClassUtil.newInstance(className); // Wraps checked exceptions automatically
} catch (ClassNotFoundRuntimeException e) {
    // Handle the wrapped exception
    logger.error("Class not found: " + className, e);
}
```

## 🏗️ Architecture & Design Patterns

### Core Design Principles
CoreLib follows a **utility-class pattern** where most functionality is exposed through static methods: