}

  /** Returns the dummy return value for {@code returnType}. */
  abstract <R> @Nullable R dummyReturnValue(TypeToken<R> returnType);

  private final class DummyHandler extends AbstractInvocationHandler implements Serializable {
    private final TypeToken<?> interfaceType;

    DummyHandler(TypeToken<?> interfaceType) {
      this.interfaceType = interfaceType;
    }

    @Override

            new TypeToken<Class3<String>>() {},
            new TypeToken<Interface3<String>>() {},
            new TypeToken<Iterable<String>>() {},
            TypeToken.of(Class2.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface12.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface1.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface2.class),
            TypeToken.of(Class1.class),
            TypeToken.of(Object.class));

        .that(TypeToken.of(paramType).isSubtypeOf(returnType))
        .isTrue();
    assertWithMessage("%s is supertype of %s", returnType, paramType)
        .that(TypeToken.of(returnType).isSupertypeOf(paramType))
        .isTrue();
    if (!spec.suppressGetSubtype()) {
      assertThat(getSubtype(returnType, TypeToken.of(paramType).getRawType())).isEqualTo(paramType);
    }

    extends ForwardingMap<TypeToken<? extends @NonNull B>, B> implements TypeToInstanceMap<B> {
  /** Creates a new map. */
  public MutableTypeToInstanceMap() {}

  private final Map<TypeToken<? extends @NonNull B>, B> backingMap = new HashMap<>();

  @Override
  public <T extends @NonNull B> @Nullable T getInstance(Class<T> type) {
    return trustedGet(TypeToken.of(type));
  }

  @Override

    extends ForwardingMap<TypeToken<? extends @NonNull B>, B> implements TypeToInstanceMap<B> {
  /** Creates a new map. */
  public MutableTypeToInstanceMap() {}

  private final Map<TypeToken<? extends @NonNull B>, B> backingMap = new HashMap<>();

  @Override
  public <T extends @NonNull B> @Nullable T getInstance(Class<T> type) {
    return trustedGet(TypeToken.of(type));
  }

  @Override

            new TypeToken<Class3<String>>() {},
            new TypeToken<Interface3<String>>() {},
            new TypeToken<Iterable<String>>() {},
            TypeToken.of(Class2.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface12.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface1.class),
            TypeToken.of(Interface2.class),
            TypeToken.of(Class1.class),
            TypeToken.of(Object.class));

    TypeToken<?> supertype = new TypeToken<Mall<Outdoor>.Shop<Electronics>>() {};
    Class<?> subclass = new Mall<Outdoor>().new Shop<Grocery>() {}.getClass();
    assertFalse(TypeToken.of(subclass).isSubtypeOf(supertype));
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("RestrictedApiChecker") // crashes under JDK8, which EP no longer supports
  public static void testSubtypeOfInnerClass_staticAnonymousClass() {

import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Captures a free type variable that can be used in {@link TypeToken#where}. For example:
 *
 * {@snippet :
 * static <T> TypeToken<List<T>> listOf(Class<T> elementType) {
 *   return new TypeToken<List<T>>() {}
 *       .where(new TypeParameter<T>() {}, elementType);
 * }
 * }
 *
 * @author Ben Yu
 * @since 12.0
 */
/*

    assertFreshInstance(new TypeToken<List<String>>() {});
    assertNotInstantiable(new TypeToken<List<EmptyEnum>>() {});
  }

  public void testArrayList() {
    assertFreshInstance(new TypeToken<ArrayList<String>>() {});
    assertNotInstantiable(new TypeToken<ArrayList<EmptyEnum>>() {});
  }

  public void testLinkedList() {
    assertFreshInstance(new TypeToken<LinkedList<String>>() {});
  }

/**
 * A map, each entry of which maps a {@link TypeToken} to an instance of that type. In addition to
 * implementing {@code Map}, the additional type-safe operations {@link #putInstance} and {@link
 * #getInstance} are available.
 *
 * <p>Generally, implementations don't support {@link #put} and {@link #putAll} because there is no
 * way to check an object at runtime to be an instance of a {@link TypeToken}. Instead, caller