assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(outerCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals(innerCause, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());
        assertFalse(exception.aborted());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withSpecialCharactersInUrl() {
        // Test with special characters in URL

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
        assertNull(exception.getComponentName());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullComponentNameAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with null component name and valid cause
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Test cause");
        ContainerNotAvailableException exception = new ContainerNotAvailableException(null, cause);

- Fixed a data race in kubelet image manager that can cause static pod workers to silently stop working. ([#88915](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/88915), [@roycaihw](https://github.com/roycaihw)) [SIG Node]

        assertNotNull(exception.getCause());
        assertEquals(middleCause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Middle cause", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertNotNull(exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals(rootCause, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Root cause", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        assertNull(exception.getCause(), "Cause should be null for string constructor");
    }

    @Test
    void testThrowableConstructor() {
        // Test the constructor with a cause
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause of timeout");
        ConnectionTimeoutException exception = new ConnectionTimeoutException(cause);

        assertEquals(level1, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Runtime error", exception.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, exception.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Invalid state", exception.getCause().getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level3, exception.getCause().getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Null value", exception.getCause().getCause().getCause().getMessage());
    }

        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause(), "Cause should match the provided throwable");
    }

    @Test
    void testMessageAndCauseConstructor() {
        // Test the constructor with both message and cause arguments
        String message = "Test message with cause";
        Throwable cause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid argument");

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructorWithMessageAndCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and cause
        String message = "Test scheduled job error with cause";
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause exception");
        ScheduledJobException exception = new ScheduledJobException(message, cause);

        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());
        assertEquals("Token validation failed", exception.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        SsoLoginException exception = new SsoLoginException(null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

        // IOException(Throwable) sets message to cause.toString()
        assertEquals(cause.toString(), ex.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should create SpnegoException with message and cause")
    void testWithMessageAndCause() {
        // Given
        String message = "SPNEGO handshake error";
        RuntimeException cause = new RuntimeException("root cause");

        // When