`item.dict(exclude_unset=True)`のように。

これにより、`item`モデルの作成時に設定されたデータのみを持つ`dict`が生成され、デフォルト値は除外されます。

これを使うことで、デフォルト値を省略して、設定された（リクエストで送られた）データのみを含む`dict`を生成することができます:

{* ../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py hl[34] *}

### Pydanticの`update`パラメータ

ここで、`.copy()`を用いて既存のモデルのコピーを作成し、`update`パラメータに更新するデータを含む`dict`を渡すことができます。

`stored_item_model.copy(update=update_data)`のように:

{* ../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py hl[35] *}

* 3.1 [Use certgen to Generate a Certificate](#using-go)
* 3.2 [Use OpenSSL to Generate a Certificate](#using-open-ssl)
* 3.3 [Use OpenSSL (with IP address) to Generate a Certificate](#using-open-ssl-with-ip)
* 3.4 [Use GnuTLS (for Windows) to Generate a Certificate](#using-gnu-tls)

**Note:**

* MinIO only supports keys and certificates in PEM format on Linux and Windows.
* MinIO doesn't currently support PFX certificates.

Проверить это можно уже сейчас в интерактивной документации:

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image03.png">

Мы пока не проверяем валидность токена, но для начала неплохо.

## Резюме

		wantpos int64
		readerr error
		seekerr string
	}{
		{seek: io.SeekStart, off: 0, n: 20, want: "0123456789"},
		{seek: io.SeekStart, off: 1, n: 1, want: "1"},
		{seek: io.SeekCurrent, off: 1, wantpos: 3, n: 2, want: "34"},
		{seek: io.SeekStart, off: -1, seekerr: "bytes.Reader.Seek: negative position"},
		{seek: io.SeekStart, off: 1 << 33, wantpos: 1 << 33, readerr: io.EOF},
		{seek: io.SeekCurrent, off: 1, wantpos: 1<<33 + 1, readerr: io.EOF},

    assertThat(map.keys()).containsExactly("bar", "foo", "bar", "bar").inOrder();
    map.keys().remove("bar"); // bar is no longer the first key!
    assertEquals("{foo=[2], bar=[3, 4]}", map.toString());
  }

  public void testLinkedValues() {
    Multimap<String, Integer> map = create();
    map.put("bar", 1);
    map.put("foo", 2);
    map.put("bar", 3);
    map.put("bar", 4);

        .containsExactly(list(1, 2), list(1, 3))
        .inOrder();
  }

  public void testCartesianProduct_binary2x2() {
    assertThat(cartesianProduct(set(1, 2), set(3, 4)))
        .containsExactly(list(1, 3), list(1, 4), list(2, 3), list(2, 4))
        .inOrder();
  }

  public void testCartesianProduct_2x2x2() {
    assertThat(cartesianProduct(set(0, 1), set(0, 1), set(0, 1)))

{* ../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py hl[1,6:9] *}

/// info

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/enum.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Enumerations (or enums) are available in Python</a> since version 3.4.

///

/// tip

If you are wondering, "AlexNet", "ResNet", and "LeNet" are just names of Machine Learning <abbr title="Technically, Deep Learning model architectures">models</abbr>.

///

/// info | Información

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/enum.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Las enumeraciones (o enums) están disponibles en Python</a> desde la versión 3.4.

///

/// tip | Consejo

Si te estás preguntando, "AlexNet", "ResNet" y "LeNet" son solo nombres de <abbr title="Técnicamente, arquitecturas de modelos de Deep Learning">modelos</abbr> de Machine Learning.

{* ../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005.py hl[1,6:9] *}

/// info | 정보

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/enum.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">열거형(또는 enums)</a>은 파이썬 버전 3.4 이후로 사용 가능합니다.

///

/// tip | 팁

혹시 궁금하다면, "AlexNet", "ResNet", 그리고 "LeNet"은 그저 기계 학습 <abbr title="기술적으로 정확히는 딥 러닝 모델 구조">모델</abbr>들의 이름입니다.

///

### *경로 매개변수* 선언

/// info | informação

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/enum.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">Enumerations (ou enums) estão disponíveis no Python</a> desde a versão 3.4.

///

/// tip | Dica



///