from dataclasses import dataclass, field

from fastapi import FastAPI


@dataclass
class Item:
    name: str
    price: float
    tags: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
    description: str | None = None
    tax: float | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/next", response_model=Item)
async def read_next_item():
    return {
        "name": "Island In The Moon",
        "price": 12.99,

        assertTrue(response.contains("response"), "Response should contain 'response' field");
        assertTrue(response.contains("status"), "Response should contain 'status' field");
        assertTrue(response.contains("version"), "Response should contain 'version' field");

        // Verify response can be parsed as JSON

    }

    // Test to verify the logger field is properly initialized
    @Test
    public void test_loggerFieldInitialization() throws Exception {
        // Use reflection to access the private logger field
        Field loggerField = FessCurtainFinallyHook.class.getDeclaredField("logger");
        loggerField.setAccessible(true);

        Object logger = loggerField.get(null); // static field

        // Verify logger is not null

{* ../../docs_src/separate_openapi_schemas/tutorial001_py310.py ln[1:15] hl[14] *}

...then the `description` field will **not be required**. Because it has a default value of `None`.

### Input Model in Docs { #input-model-in-docs }

You can confirm that in the docs, the `description` field doesn't have a **red asterisk**, it's not marked as required:

<div class="screenshot">

public interface SMBSigningDigest {

    /**
     * Performs MAC signing of the SMB. This is done as follows.
     * The signature field of the SMB is overwritten with the sequence number;
     * The MD5 digest of the MAC signing key + the entire SMB is taken;
     * The first 8 bytes of this are placed in the signature field.
     *
     * @param data
     *            The data.
     * @param offset

        SuggestSettings settings = suggester.settings();
        String field = settings.array().get(SuggestSettings.DefaultKeys.SUPPORTED_FIELDS)[0];

        QueryLog[] queryLogs = new QueryLog[3];
        queryLogs[0] = new QueryLog(field + ":検索", null);
        queryLogs[1] = new QueryLog(field + ":fess", null);
        queryLogs[2] = new QueryLog(field + ":エンジン", null);

     */
    Waiter(boolean unused) {}

    Waiter() {
      // avoid volatile write, write is made visible by subsequent CAS on waitersField field
      putThread(this, Thread.currentThread());
    }

    // non-volatile write to the next field. Should be made visible by a subsequent CAS on
    // waitersField.
    void setNext(@Nullable Waiter next) {
      putNext(this, next);
    }

            // Verify private fields using reflection
            Field bindingField = DcerpcBind.class.getDeclaredField("binding");
            bindingField.setAccessible(true);
            assertSame(mockBinding, bindingField.get(bindWithParams), "Binding should be set");

            Field maxXmitField = DcerpcBind.class.getDeclaredField("max_xmit");
            maxXmitField.setAccessible(true);

    }

    // Helper methods
    private void setPrivateField(Object target, String fieldName, Object value) throws Exception {
        Field field = findField(target.getClass(), fieldName);
        field.setAccessible(true);
        field.set(target, value);
    }

    private Field findField(Class<?> clazz, String fieldName) {
        while (clazz != null) {
            try {

            {
                "type": "missing",
                "loc": ["body", "grant_type"],
                "msg": "Field required",
                "input": None,
            },
            {
                "type": "missing",
                "loc": ["body", "username"],
                "msg": "Field required",
                "input": None,
            },
            {
                "type": "missing",