For example, [you can use `with` to read a file](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files):

```Python
with open("./somefile.txt") as f:
    contents = f.read()
    print(contents)
```

Underneath, the `open("./somefile.txt")` creates an object that is called a "Context Manager".

When the `with` block finishes, it makes sure to close the file, even if there were exceptions.

### typing 模块 { #typing-module }

在一些额外的用例中，你可能需要从标准库的 `typing` 模块导入内容。比如当你想声明“任意类型”时，可以使用 `typing` 中的 `Any`：

```python
from typing import Any


def some_function(data: Any):
    print(data)
```

### 泛型类型 { #generic-types }

有些类型可以在方括号中接收“类型参数”（type parameters），用于声明其内部值的类型。比如“字符串列表”可以写为 `list[str]`。

这些能接收类型参数的类型称为“泛型类型”（Generic types）或“泛型”（Generics）。

你可以把相同的内建类型作为泛型使用（带方括号和内部类型）：

                            void* device_info) = nullptr;

  // Pins the op to `device` based on inputs to `op`. Returns true
  // signifying to pin to the current custom device. Returns false
  // to pin to the physical device.
  //
  // This function is guaranteed to be called only when all of the custom-device
  // inputs are on this device.

dP, dQ, and qInv may be nil if the key was created with // NewPrivateKeyWithout. func (priv *PrivateKey) Export() (N []byte, e int, d, P, Q, dP, dQ, qInv []byte) { N = priv.pub.N.Nat().Bytes(priv.pub.N) e = priv.pub.E d = priv.d.Bytes(priv.pub.N) if priv.dP == nil { return } P = priv.p.Nat().Bytes(priv.p) Q = priv.q.Nat().Bytes(priv.q) dP = bytes.Clone(priv.dP) dQ = bytes.Clone(priv.dQ) qInv = priv.qInv.Bytes(priv.p) return } // checkPrivateKey is called by the NewPrivateKey and GenerateKey functions,...

errors.invalid_header_for_request_file=Invalid header line: {0}
errors.could_not_delete_logged_in_user=You cannot delete a user who is logged in.
errors.unauthorized_request=Unauthorized request.
errors.failed_to_print_thread_dump=Failed to print a thread dump.
errors.file_is_not_supported={0} is not supported.
errors.plugin_file_is_not_found={0} is not found.
errors.failed_to_install_plugin=Failed to install {0}.

errors.invalid_header_for_request_file=Invalid header line: {0}
errors.could_not_delete_logged_in_user=You cannot delete a user who is logged in.
errors.unauthorized_request=Unauthorized request.
errors.failed_to_print_thread_dump=Failed to print a thread dump.
errors.file_is_not_supported={0} is not supported.
errors.plugin_file_is_not_found={0} is not found.
errors.failed_to_install_plugin=Failed to install {0}.

Il existe de nombreux autres objets et modèles qui seront automatiquement convertis en JSON (y compris des ORM, etc.). Essayez d’utiliser vos favoris, il est fort probable qu’ils soient déjà pris en charge.

### Étape 6 : le déployer { #step-6-deploy-it }

Déployez votre application sur **[FastAPI Cloud](https://fastapicloud.com)** avec une seule commande : `fastapi deploy`. 🎉

Por exemplo, [você pode utilizar `with` para ler um arquivo](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files):

```Python
with open("./somefile.txt") as f:
    contents = f.read()
    print(contents)
```

Por baixo dos panos, o código `open("./somefile.txt")` cria um objeto que é chamado de "Gerenciador de Contexto".

////

//// tab | Info

... However, quotes inside code snippets must stay as is.

////

## code blocks { #code-blocks }

//// tab | Test

A Bash code example...

```bash
# Print a greeting to the universe
echo "Hello universe"
```

...and a console code example...

```console
$ <font color="#4E9A06">fastapi</font> run <u style="text-decoration-style:solid">main.py</u>

Here are the affected tests:
EOF
    while read dep; do
      echo "For dependency $dep:"
      # For every missing dependency, find the tests which directly depend on
      # it, and print that list for debugging. Not really clear if this is
      # helpful since the only examples I've seen are enormous.
      bazel cquery "rdeps(kind(py_test, $(cat $BATS_TEST_TMPDIR/deps)), $dep, 1)"