return doAssertThrows(expectedThrowable, supplier, /* userPassedSupplier= */ true);
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  static <T extends Throwable> T assertThrows(
      Class<T> expectedThrowable, ThrowingRunnable runnable) {
    return doAssertThrows(
        expectedThrowable,
        () -> {
          runnable.run();
          return null;
        },

   * given object is also a {@code MapDifference} and the values returned by the {@link
   * #entriesOnlyOnLeft()}, {@link #entriesOnlyOnRight()}, {@link #entriesInCommon()} and {@link
   * #entriesDiffering()} of the two instances are equal.
   */
  @Override
  boolean equals(@CheckForNull Object object);

  /**

     * Changes include renaming, creating, or deleting a file.
     */
    public static final int FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME = 0x00000001;

    /**
     * Any directory-name change in the watched directory or subtree causes a change notification wait operation to
     * return. Changes include creating or deleting a directory.
     */

   *
   */
  public static Escaper urlFormParameterEscaper() {
    return URL_FORM_PARAMETER_ESCAPER;
  }

  private static final Escaper URL_FORM_PARAMETER_ESCAPER =
      new PercentEscaper(URL_FORM_PARAMETER_OTHER_SAFE_CHARS, true);

  /**
   * Returns an {@link Escaper} instance that escapes strings so they can be safely included in <a

  /** Returns {@code true} if this range has an upper endpoint. */
  public boolean hasUpperBound() {
    return upperBound != Cut.aboveAll();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the upper endpoint of this range.
   *
   * @throws IllegalStateException if this range is unbounded above (that is, {@link
   *     #hasUpperBound()} returns {@code false})
   */
  public C upperEndpoint() {
    return upperBound.endpoint();
  }

```Python hl_lines="18  23"
{!> ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial001_01.py!}
```

////

FastAPI will use this return type to:

* **Validate** the returned data.

    /**
     * {@return the specific version, range of versions or meta-version of the artifact}
     * A meta-version is a version suffixed with the {@code SNAPSHOT} keyword.
     */
    @Nonnull
    VersionConstraint getVersionConstraint();

    /**
     * Returns the file extension of the artifact.
     * The dot separator is not included in the returned string.
     *

      total += read;
    }
    return total;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new {@link ByteArrayDataInput} instance to read from the {@code bytes} array from the
   * beginning.
   */
  public static ByteArrayDataInput newDataInput(byte[] bytes) {
    return newDataInput(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
  }

  /**

        clazz = enumValue.getDeclaringClass();
    try {
      return clazz.getDeclaredField(enumValue.name());
    } catch (NoSuchFieldException impossible) {
      throw new AssertionError(impossible);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns an optional enum constant for the given type, using {@link Enum#valueOf}. If the
   * constant does not exist, {@link Optional#absent} is returned. A common use case is for parsing

   * Asserts that a prior call that had caused this thread to block or wait has since returned
   * normally.
   */
  public void assertPriorCallReturns(@Nullable String methodName) throws Exception {
    assertEquals(null, getResponse(methodName).getResult());
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that a prior call that had caused this thread to block or wait has since returned the
   * expected boolean value.
   */