メインのチュートリアルでは、アプリケーションに[カスタムミドルウェア](../tutorial/middleware.md)を追加する方法を学びました。

そして、[`CORSMiddleware` を使った CORS の扱い方](../tutorial/cors.md)も学びました。

このセクションでは、その他のミドルウェアの使い方を見ていきます。

## ASGI ミドルウェアの追加 { #adding-asgi-middlewares }

**FastAPI** は Starlette を基盤としており、<abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface - 非同期サーバーゲートウェイインターフェース">ASGI</abbr> 仕様を実装しているため、任意の ASGI ミドルウェアを利用できます。

#### Issue: Special characters in documents not displaying correctly

**Solution**:
- Ensure source files are UTF-8 encoded
- Check `fess_config.properties`:
  ```properties
  crawler.document.encoding=UTF-8
  ```
- Verify HTML entity encoding in content

### Log Files

Check these logs for troubleshooting:

- **Main Application**: `logs/fess.log`
- **Crawler**: `logs/fess-crawler.log`

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    repos_old_content = repos_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
    new_repos_content = yaml.dump(data, sort_keys=False, width=200, allow_unicode=True)
    if repos_old_content == new_repos_content:
        logging.info("The data hasn't changed. Finishing.")
        return
    repos_path.write_text(new_repos_content, encoding="utf-8")
    logging.info("Setting up GitHub Actions git user")

        If you have deleted your repo, please recreate it and publish a retraction.

        Retracting a module version involves adding a retract directive to your go.mod file and publishing a new version.
        For example: https://github.com/jba/retract-demo/blob/main/go.mod#L5-L8.

            shaFile.delete();
        }
    }

    private void createSha(File dependency, String jarName, File shaFile) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        logger.lifecycle("Adding sha for " + jarName);

        String sha = parentTask.get().getSha1(dependency);

        Files.write(shaFile.toPath(), sha.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
    }

    @Internal

	if len(systemTgts) == 0 {
		return
	}

	// Iterate over all logger targets to send the log entry
	for _, t := range systemTgts {
		if err := t.Send(ctx, entry); err != nil {
			if consoleTgt != nil { // Sending to the console never fails
				consoleTgt.Send(ctx, errToEntry(ctx, "logging", fmt.Errorf("unable to send log event to Logger target (%s): %v", t.String(), err), entry.Level))
			}
		}
	}
}

Being able to use asynchronous functions in your tests could be useful, for example, when you're querying your database asynchronously. Imagine you want to test sending requests to your FastAPI application and then verify that your backend successfully wrote the correct data in the database, while using an async database library.

Let's look at how we can make that work.

If you want to use your APIs' function names as `operationId`s, you can iterate over all of them and override each *path operation's* `operation_id` using their `APIRoute.name`.

You should do it after adding all your *path operations*.

{* ../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial002_py310.py hl[2, 12:21, 24] *}

/// tip

`calendar hour` then `10d` then `5d` then `1h`:
```
gradlew -p benchmarks/ run --args 'RoundingBenchmark.round -prounder=es -prange="2000-10-01 to 2000-11-01" -pzone=America/New_York -pcount=1000000'
```


## Adding Microbenchmarks

Before adding a new microbenchmark, make yourself familiar with the JMH API. You can check our existing microbenchmarks and also the