pkg time, method (Time) YearDay() int
pkg unicode, const LowerCase = 1
pkg unicode, const MaxASCII = 127
pkg unicode, const MaxCase = 3
pkg unicode, const MaxLatin1 = 255
pkg unicode, const MaxRune = 1114111
pkg unicode, const ReplacementChar = 65533
pkg unicode, const TitleCase = 2
pkg unicode, const UpperCase = 0
pkg unicode, const UpperLower = 1114112
pkg unicode, const Version = "6.2.0"

Entonces, en la documentación de middlewares ASGI de terceros probablemente te indicarán que hagas algo como:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

pkg testing, method (*B) RunParallel(func(*PB))
pkg testing, method (*B) SetParallelism(int)
pkg testing, method (*PB) Next() bool
pkg testing, type PB struct

В общем случае ASGI middleware — это классы, которые ожидают получить ASGI‑приложение первым аргументом.

Поэтому в документации к сторонним ASGI middleware, скорее всего, вы увидите что‑то вроде:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

Então, na documentação de middlewares ASGI de terceiros, eles provavelmente dirão para você fazer algo como:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

因此，有些第三方 ASGI 中间件的文档推荐以如下方式使用中间件：

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

但 FastAPI（实际上是 Starlette）提供了一种更简单的方式，能让内部中间件在处理服务器错误的同时，还能让自定义异常处理器正常运作。

为此，要使用 `app.add_middleware()` （与 CORS 中的示例一样）。

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = FastAPI()

In general, ASGI middlewares are classes that expect to receive an ASGI app as the first argument.

So, in the documentation for third-party ASGI middlewares they will probably tell you to do something like:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

In der Dokumentation für ASGI-Middlewares von Drittanbietern wird Ihnen wahrscheinlich gesagt, dass Sie etwa Folgendes tun sollen:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

  }

  // 2. Normalize, from bufferB to bufferA.
  val normalized = normalizeNfc(bufferB.readUtf8())
  bufferA.writeUtf8(normalized)

  // 3. For each label, convert/validate Punycode.
  val decoded = Punycode.decode(bufferA.readUtf8()) ?: return null

  // 4.1 Validate.

  // Must be NFC.
  if (decoded != normalizeNfc(decoded)) return null

  // TODO: Must not begin with a combining mark.

En este caso tendrás que asegurarte de que cada operation ID sea **único** de alguna otra manera.

Por ejemplo, podrías asegurarte de que cada *path operation* tenga un tag, y luego generar el operation ID basado en el **tag** y el **name** de la *path operation* (el nombre de la función).

### Función personalizada para generar ID único { #custom-generate-unique-id-function }