err = DB.Model(&emptyUser).Association("Company").Delete(&user1.Company)
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrPrimaryKeyRequired)
	// has many
	err = DB.Model(&emptyUser).Association("Pets").Delete(&user1.Pets)
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrPrimaryKeyRequired)
	// has one
	err = DB.Model(&emptyUser).Association("Account").Delete(&user1.Account)
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrPrimaryKeyRequired)
	// many to many

	}

	var result Language
	DB.First(&result, "code = ?", "save")
	AssertEqual(t, result, lang)

	lang.Name = "save name2"
	if result := DB.Save(&lang); result.RowsAffected != 1 {
		t.Errorf("should update language")
	}

	var result2 Language
	DB.First(&result2, "code = ?", "save")
	AssertEqual(t, result2, lang)

	DB.Table("langs").Migrator().DropTable(&Language{})

			tx.First(&result)
			wg.Done()
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()

	conn, ok := tx.ConnPool.(*gorm.PreparedStmtDB)
	AssertEqual(t, ok, true)
	AssertEqual(t, len(conn.Stmts), 2)
	for _, stmt := range conn.Stmts {
		if stmt == nil {
			t.Fatalf("stmt cannot bee nil")
		}
	}

	AssertEqual(t, sqlDB.Stats().InUse, 0)
}

func TestPreparedStmtInTransaction(t *testing.T) {
	user := User{Name: "jinzhu"}

			if mv, mok := stmt.Dest.(map[string]interface{}); mok {
				if fv, ok := mv[field.Name]; ok {
					return !utils.AssertEqual(fv, fieldValue)
				} else if fv, ok := mv[field.DBName]; ok {
					return !utils.AssertEqual(fv, fieldValue)
				}
			} else {
				destValue := reflect.ValueOf(stmt.Dest)
				for destValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
					destValue = destValue.Elem()
				}

	}

	if len(qs) != 2 {
		t.Fatalf("find count not equal:%d", len(qs))
	}

	AssertEqual(t, q1, qs[0])
	AssertEqual(t, q2, qs[1])
}

func TestQueryError(t *testing.T) {
	type P struct{}
	var p1 P
	err := DB.Take(&p1, 1).Error
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrModelAccessibleFieldsRequired)

	var p2 interface{}

		{"driver.Valuer equal (ptr to nil ptr)", (*ModifyAt)(nil), &ModifyAt{}, false},
	}
	for _, test := range assertEqualTests {
		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			if out := AssertEqual(test.src, test.dst); test.out != out {
				t.Errorf("AssertEqual(%v, %v) want: %t, got: %t", test.src, test.dst, test.out, out)
			}
		})
	}
}

func TestToString(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		name string

	}

	personDupField := Person{ID: person1.ID}
	if err := DB.Select("people.id, people.*").
		First(&personDupField).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to run join query, got error: %v", err)
	}
	AssertEqual(t, person1, personDupField)

	user := User{
		Name: "TestScanToEmbedded_1",
		Manager: &User{
			Name:    "TestScanToEmbedded_1_m1",
			Manager: &User{Name: "TestScanToEmbedded_1_m1_m1"},
		},
	}

	}

	expects := []User{{Name: "main"}, {Name: "other"}, {Name: "other"}}
	sort.SliceStable(users, func(i, j int) bool {
		return strings.Compare(users[i].Name, users[j].Name) < 0
	})

	AssertEqual(t, users, expects)

	var count7 int64
	if err := DB.Model(&User{}).Where("name in ?", []string{user1.Name, user2.Name, user3.Name}).Select(
		"(CASE WHEN name=? THEN ? ELSE ? END) as name, age", "count-1", "main", "other",

	} else {
		AssertEqual(t, result, lang)
	}

	lang.Name += "_new"
	if err := DB.Save(&lang).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to create, got error %v", err)
	}

	var result2 Language
	if err := DB.First(&result2, "code = ?", lang.Code).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to query lang, got error %v", err)
	} else {
		AssertEqual(t, result2, lang)
	}
}

	var result4 CustomizeFieldStruct
	if err := DB.First(&result4, "field_allow_save3 = ?", create.FieldAllowSave3).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to query with inserted field, got error %v", err)
	}

	AssertEqual(t, result3, result4)

	createWithDefaultTime := generateStruct("create_with_default_time")
	createWithDefaultTime.AutoUnixCreateTime = 100
	createWithDefaultTime.AutoUnixUpdateTime = 100