```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "Not"

Daha fazla detay için Starlette'in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Websockets'i Test Etmek</a> dokümantasyonunu inceleyin.

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item, q: str | None = None):
    result = {"item_id": item_id, **item.dict()}
    if q:
        result.update({"q": q})

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Annotated[Item, Body(embed=True)]):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

from typing import List, Union

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: List[str] = []


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

from typing import Set, Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, status
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: Set[str] = set()


@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
async def create_item(item: Item):

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
from typing_extensions import Literal

app = FastAPI()


class FilterParams(BaseModel):
    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: FilterParams = Query()):

<!DOCTYPE components PUBLIC "-//DBFLUTE//DTD LastaDi 1.0//EN"
	"http://dbflute.org/meta/lastadi10.dtd">
<components namespace="fessCrawler">
	<include path="crawler/container.xml" />

	<component name="intervalController"
		class="org.codelibs.fess.crawler.interval.FessIntervalController"
		instance="prototype">
	</component>

<!DOCTYPE components PUBLIC "-//DBFLUTE//DTD LastaDi 1.0//EN"
	"http://dbflute.org/meta/lastadi10.dtd">
<components namespace="fessCrawler">
	<include path="crawler/container.xml" />

	<component name="urlFilter"
		class="org.codelibs.fess.crawler.filter.impl.UrlFilterImpl" instance="prototype">
	</component>

import jcifs.internal.smb2.io.Smb2WriteResponse;


/**
 * This <code>OutputStream</code> can write bytes to a file on an SMB file server.
 */

public class SmbFileOutputStream extends OutputStream {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SmbFileOutputStream.class);

    private SmbFile file;
    private boolean append, useNTSmbs;
    private int openFlags, access, writeSize, writeSizeFile;
    private long fp;

public class EnumsBenchmark {

  @Param({"Small", "Medium", "Large"})
  String enumSize;

  @Param({"0.2", "0.8"})
  float hitRate;

  // We could avoid the raw type here by initializing this with a ternary (? SmallEnum.class : ...).
  // However, we end up needing a raw type in getIfPresent, as discussed there.
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
  private Class<? extends Enum> enumType;