// Write completely empty file
        try (java.io.FileWriter fw = new java.io.FileWriter(testFile)) {
            // Write nothing
        }

        // Create a new CharMappingFile instance to ensure clean state
        CharMappingFile emptyMappingFile = new CharMappingFile("empty_test", testFile.getAbsolutePath(), new Date());
        emptyMappingFile.manager(dictionaryManager);

        RequestParameter param = new RequestParameter(name, values);

        assertEquals("", param.getName());
        assertNotNull(param.getValues());
        assertEquals(2, param.getValues().length);
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNullValues() {
        // Test with null values array
        String name = "paramName";
        RequestParameter param = new RequestParameter(name, null);

        }
    }

    public void test_multipleExceptionInstances() {
        // Test multiple instances are independent
        InvalidAccessTokenException exception1 = new InvalidAccessTokenException("Type1", "Message1");
        InvalidAccessTokenException exception2 = new InvalidAccessTokenException("Type2", "Message2");

        assertEquals("Type1", exception1.getType());
        assertEquals("Message1", exception1.getMessage());

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertEquals("User is not found: ******@****.***", exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withLongUsername() {
        // Test with a very long username
        String username = "verylongusername".repeat(10);
        FessUserNotFoundException exception = new FessUserNotFoundException(username);

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        final ClassLoader cl1 = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { new URL("file:/foo") }, null);
        final ClassLoader cl2 = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { new URL("file:/bar") }, cl1);
        final ClassLoader cl3 = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { new URL("file:/baz") }, cl2);

        final ClassLoaderIterator it = new ClassLoaderIterator(cl3);
        assertThat(it.hasNext(), is(true));

    }

    /**
     * Creates a new LDAP user instance with the specified username and environment.
     *
     * @param username the username for the LDAP user
     * @param env the environment configuration for LDAP connection
     * @return a new LdapUser instance
     */
    protected LdapUser createLdapUser(final String username, final Hashtable<String, String> env) {
        return new LdapUser(env, username);
    }

                        }
                    } else if ("head".equalsIgnoreCase(con.getRequestMethod())) {
                        return new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[0]);
                    } else {
                        if (GZIP.equals(con.getContentEncoding())) {
                            return new GZIPInputStream(con.getErrorStream());
                        } else {
                            return con.getErrorStream();

    }

    public void test_register_multipleAuthenticators() {
        TestSsoAuthenticator authenticator1 = new TestSsoAuthenticator();
        TestSsoAuthenticator authenticator2 = new TestSsoAuthenticator();
        TestSsoAuthenticator authenticator3 = new TestSsoAuthenticator();

        ssoManager.register(authenticator1);
        ssoManager.register(authenticator2);

        final StemmerOverrideItem stemmerOverrideItem1 = new StemmerOverrideItem(1, "aaa", "a");

        assertTrue(stemmerOverrideItem1.equals(stemmerOverrideItem1));
        assertTrue(stemmerOverrideItem1.equals(new StemmerOverrideItem(1, "aaa", "a")));
        assertTrue(stemmerOverrideItem1.equals(new StemmerOverrideItem(2, "aaa", "a")));
        assertFalse(stemmerOverrideItem1.equals(new StemmerOverrideItem(1, "aaa", "b")));

        // Test with very long URLs
        StringBuilder longParentUrl = new StringBuilder("http://example.com/");
        StringBuilder longUrl = new StringBuilder("http://example.com/");
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            longParentUrl.append("parent/");
            longUrl.append("child/");
        }

        ContentNotFoundException exception = new ContentNotFoundException(longParentUrl.toString(), longUrl.toString());