setPrivateField(cmd, "maxReferralLevel", 0x12AB);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
        int len = cmd.writeParametersWireFormat(buffer, 0);
        assertTrue(len >= 2);
        // writeInt2 writes in little-endian format (LSB first)
        assertEquals(0xAB, buffer[0] & 0xFF);
        assertEquals(0x12, buffer[1] & 0xFF);
        // Check that the path is written after the referral level

        String msg = "\u00A1\u00A2"; // two Unicode characters
        byte[] encoded = encodeUnicode(msg);
        assertEquals(4, encoded.length, "Encoded Unicode string should be 4 bytes");

        // Verify little-endian encoding
        assertEquals((byte) 0xA1, encoded[0], "First byte of first character");
        assertEquals((byte) 0x00, encoded[1], "Second byte of first character");

     * @return the short value in little-endian format
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
     */
    public short readShort() throws IOException {
        align(2);
        return Short.reverseBytes(this.dis.readShort());
    }

    /**
     * Reads a 32-bit integer value with proper alignment and byte order.
     * @return the integer value in little-endian format

  /**
   * Returns a hash function implementing the <a
   * href="https://github.com/aappleby/smhasher/blob/master/src/MurmurHash3.cpp">32-bit murmur3
   * algorithm, x86 variant</a> (little-endian variant), using the given seed value, <b>with a known
   * bug</b> as described in the deprecation text.
   *
   * <p>The C++ equivalent is the MurmurHash3_x86_32 function (Murmur3A), which however does not

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image01.png">

/// check | Authorize button!

You already have a shiny new "Authorize" button.

And your *path operation* has a little lock in the top-right corner that you can click.

///

And if you click it, you have a little authorization form to type a `username` and `password` (and other optional fields):

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image02.png">

/// note

        buf.enc_ndr_small(5); /* RPC version */
        buf.enc_ndr_small(0); /* minor version */
        buf.enc_ndr_small(this.ptype);
        buf.enc_ndr_small(this.flags);
        buf.enc_ndr_long(0x00000010); /* Little-endian / ASCII / IEEE */
        buf.enc_ndr_short(this.length);
        buf.enc_ndr_short(0); /* length of auth_value */
        buf.enc_ndr_long(this.call_id);
    }

        assertEquals((byte) 0x00, buf[1], "second byte should be zero");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("writeParametersWireFormat writes the information level as 2-byte little endian")
    void testWriteParametersWireFormat() {
        int level = 0x1234;
        Trans2QueryFSInformation cmd = new Trans2QueryFSInformation(level);
        byte[] buf = newBuffer(10);

        ndrBuffer.enc_ndr_short(0xABCD);
        assertEquals(2, ndrBuffer.getIndex()); // Aligned to 2, then advanced by 2
        assertEquals(2, ndrBuffer.getLength());
        assertEquals((byte) 0xCD, buffer[0]); // Little-endian
        assertEquals((byte) 0xAB, buffer[1]);

        ndrBuffer.setIndex(0);
        int val = ndrBuffer.dec_ndr_short() & 0xFFFF;
        assertEquals(0xABCD, val);

        if (str == null) {
            return new byte[0];
        }
        return str.getBytes(encoding);
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a string into UTF-16LE (Unicode Little Endian) bytes.
     *
     * @param str the string to encode
     * @return the string as bytes (UTF16-LE)
     */
    public static byte[] getUNIBytes(final String str) {
        return getBytes(str, UNI_ENCODING);

    /**
     * Provides test cases for {@link SmbComSeekResponse#readParameterWordsWireFormat(byte[], int)}.
     * @return a stream of {@link Arguments} objects containing an integer
     *         value and the corresponding little-endian byte array.
     */
    static java.util.stream.Stream<Arguments> int32Provider() {
        return java.util.stream.Stream.of(Arguments.of(0x00000000, new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }),