checkBigIntegerConversion("0.0.0.1", BigInteger.ONE);
    checkBigIntegerConversion("127.255.255.255", BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
    checkBigIntegerConversion(
        "255.255.255.254", BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE).multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(2)));
    checkBigIntegerConversion(
        "255.255.255.255", BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(32).subtract(BigInteger.ONE));
  }

        return (T) Character.valueOf('\0');
      } else if (type == byte.class) {
        return (T) Byte.valueOf((byte) 0);
      } else if (type == short.class) {
        return (T) Short.valueOf((short) 0);
      } else if (type == int.class) {
        return (T) Integer.valueOf(0);
      } else if (type == long.class) {
        return (T) Long.valueOf(0L);
      } else if (type == float.class) {

        } else if (o instanceof String) {
            return toShort((String) o);
        } else if (o instanceof java.util.Date) {
            if (pattern != null) {
                return Short.valueOf(new SimpleDateFormat(pattern).format(o));
            }
            return (short) ((java.util.Date) o).getTime();
        } else if (o instanceof Boolean) {
            return ((Boolean) o) ? (short) 1 : (short) 0;

  /**
   * Returns the unique greatest value of type {@code C} that is less than {@code value}, or {@code
   * null} if none exists. Inverse operation to {@link #next}.
   *
   * @param value any value of type {@code C}
   * @return the greatest value less than {@code value}, or {@code null} if {@code value} is {@code
   *     minValue()}
   */
  @CheckForNull
  public abstract C previous(C value);

  /**

    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(20), map.get(10));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(0), map.get(20));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(1), map.get(30));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(2), map.get(54));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(3), map.get(443));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(4), map.get(1));
    assertEquals(Integer.valueOf(5), cache.get(6));

    }

    /**
     * Adds a name/value pair to the formatted output in {@code name=value} format.
     *
     * @since 18.0 (since 11.0 as {@code Objects.ToStringHelper.add()}).
     */
    @CanIgnoreReturnValue
    public ToStringHelper add(String name, float value) {
      return addUnconditionalHolder(name, String.valueOf(value));
    }

    /**

      String str = String.valueOf(c);
      assertEquals(str, c, Ascii.toLowerCase(c));
      assertEquals(str, c, Ascii.toUpperCase(c));
      assertFalse(str, Ascii.isLowerCase(c));
      assertFalse(str, Ascii.isUpperCase(c));
    }
  }

  public void testCharsLower() {
    for (char c : LOWER.toCharArray()) {
      String str = String.valueOf(c);
      assertTrue(str, c == Ascii.toLowerCase(c));

      } else if (value instanceof OptionalInt) {
        return !((OptionalInt) value).isPresent();
      } else if (value instanceof OptionalLong) {
        return !((OptionalLong) value).isPresent();
      } else if (value instanceof OptionalDouble) {
        return !((OptionalDouble) value).isPresent();
      } else if (value instanceof Optional) {
        return !((Optional) value).isPresent();

  }

  private static final BigInteger MAX_LONG = BigInteger.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE);
  private static final BigInteger MIN_LONG = BigInteger.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE);

  private static long saturatedCast(BigInteger big) {
    if (big.compareTo(MAX_LONG) > 0) {
      return Long.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    if (big.compareTo(MIN_LONG) < 0) {
      return Long.MIN_VALUE;
    }
    return big.longValue();
  }

    new EqualsTester()
        .addEqualityGroup(Optional.absent(), reserialize(Optional.absent()))
        .addEqualityGroup(Optional.of(Long.valueOf(5)), reserialize(Optional.of(Long.valueOf(5))))
        .addEqualityGroup(Optional.of(Long.valueOf(42)), reserialize(Optional.of(Long.valueOf(42))))
        .testEquals();
  }

  public void testToString_absent() {
    assertEquals("Optional.absent()", Optional.absent().toString());