## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware`

Enforces that all incoming requests must either be `https` or `wss`.

Any incoming requests to `http` or `ws` will be redirected to the secure scheme instead.

```Python hl_lines="2  6"
{!../../../docs_src/advanced_middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

## `TrustedHostMiddleware`

# How To - Recipes

Here you will see different recipes or "how to" guides for **several topics**.

Most of these ideas would be more or less **independent**, and in most cases you should only need to study them if they apply directly to **your project**.

If something seems interesting and useful to your project, go ahead and check it, but otherwise, you might probably just skip them.

!!! tip

                provided in one of multiple optional ways (for example, with OAuth2
                or in a cookie).
                """
            ),
        ] = True,
    ):
        self.model = OAuth2Model(
            flows=cast(OAuthFlowsModel, flows), description=description
        )
        self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
        self.auto_error = auto_error

    Aber **FastAPI** wird wissen, dass es zuerst `query_extractor` auflösen muss, um dessen Resultat `query_or_cookie_extractor` zu übergeben, wenn dieses aufgerufen wird.

```mermaid
graph TB

query_extractor(["query_extractor"])
query_or_cookie_extractor(["query_or_cookie_extractor"])

read_query["/items/"]

It's relatively tightly coupled with relational databases (like MySQL or PostgreSQL), so, having a NoSQL database (like Couchbase, MongoDB, Cassandra, etc) as the main store engine is not very easy.

It was created to generate the HTML in the backend, not to create APIs used by a modern frontend (like React, Vue.js and Angular) or by other systems (like <abbr title="Internet of Things">IoT</abbr> devices) communicating with it.

    if not user_dict:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")

    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}


@app.get("/users/me")

* It takes each **request** that comes to your application.
* It can then do something to that **request** or run any needed code.
* Then it passes the **request** to be processed by the rest of the application (by some *path operation*).
* It then takes the **response** generated by the application (by some *path operation*).
* It can do something to that **response** or run any needed code.
* Then it returns the **response**.

!!! note "Technical Details"

FastAPI uses a standard for building Python web frameworks and servers called <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">ASGI</abbr>. FastAPI is an ASGI web framework.

The main thing you need to run a **FastAPI** application (or any other ASGI application) in a remote server machine is an ASGI server program like **Uvicorn**, this is the one that comes by default in the `fastapi` command.

There are several alternatives, including:

        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "model_attributes_type",
                    "loc": ["body"],
                    "msg": "Input should be a valid dictionary or object to extract fields from",
                    "input": "name=Foo&price=50.5",
                }
            ]
        }
    ) | IsDict(
        # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
        {

        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "model_attributes_type",
                    "loc": ["body"],
                    "msg": "Input should be a valid dictionary or object to extract fields from",
                    "input": "name=Foo&price=50.5",
                }
            ]
        }
    ) | IsDict(
        # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
        {