```
1 validation error
path -> item_id
  value is not a valid integer (type=type_error.integer)
```

#### `RequestValidationError` vs. `ValidationError`

!!! warning "Achtung"
    Das folgende sind technische Details, die Sie überspringen können, wenn sie für Sie nicht wichtig sind.

type StorageErr string

func (h StorageErr) Error() string {
	return string(h)
}

// Collection of basic errors.
var baseErrs = []error{
	errDiskNotFound,
	errFaultyDisk,
	errFaultyRemoteDisk,
}

var baseIgnoredErrs = baseErrs

// Is a one place function which converts all os.PathError
// into a more FS object layer friendly form, converts

	if err := DB.Create(&data).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Should got no error when creating data, but got %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.Model(&data).Update("password", EncryptedData("xnewpass")).Error; err == nil {
		t.Errorf("Should failed to update data with invalid data")
	}

	if err := DB.Model(&data).Update("password", EncryptedData("newpass")).Error; err != nil {

	if err := DB.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
		return nil
	}); err == nil {
		t.Errorf("should returns error when commit with closed conn, got error %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.Session(&gorm.Session{PrepareStmt: true}).Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
		return nil
	}); err == nil {
		t.Errorf("should returns error when commit with closed conn, got error %v", err)
	}
}

			tx.Rollback()
		}
	}()
	if err := tx.Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to start transaction, got error %v\n", err)
	}

	if err := tx.Where("name=?", "zzjin").Delete(&User{}).Error; err != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		t.Errorf("Failed to run one transaction, got error %v\n", err)
	}

	if err := tx.Create(&User{Name: "zzjin"}).Error; err != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		t.Errorf("Failed to run one transaction, got error %v\n", err)

	if err := DB.Model(&User{}).Update("name", "jinzhu").Error; err == nil || !errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrMissingWhereClause) {
		t.Errorf("should returns missing WHERE clause while updating error, got err %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.Session(&gorm.Session{AllowGlobalUpdate: true}).Model(&User{}).Update("name", "jinzhu").Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("should returns no error while enable global update, but got err %v", err)
	}
}

```
1 validation error
path -> item_id
  value is not a valid integer (type=type_error.integer)
```

#### `RequestValidationError` или `ValidationError`

!!! warning "Внимание"
    Это технические детали, которые можно пропустить, если они не важны для вас сейчас.

		t.Errorf("no error should happen when auto migrate, but got %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.Create(&EmptyStruct{}).Error; err != nil {
		t.Errorf("No error should happen when creating user, but got %v", err)
	}
}

func TestCreateEmptySlice(t *testing.T) {
	data := []User{}
	if err := DB.Create(&data).Error; err != gorm.ErrEmptySlice {
		t.Errorf("no data should be created, got %v", err)
	}

		t.Fatalf("No error should happen when soft delete user, but got %v", err)
	}

	zeroTime, _ := now.Parse("1970-01-01 00:00:01")
	if book.DeletedAt.Time.Equal(zeroTime) {
		t.Errorf("book's deleted at should not be zero, DeletedAt: %v", book.DeletedAt)
	}

	if DB.First(&SoftDeleteBook{}, "name = ?", book.Name).Error == nil {
		t.Errorf("Can't find a soft deleted record")
	}

	count = 0

}

// wraps export error for more context
func exportError(ctx context.Context, err error, fname, entity string) APIError {
	if entity == "" {
		return toAPIError(ctx, fmt.Errorf("error exporting %s with: %w", fname, err))
	}
	return toAPIError(ctx, fmt.Errorf("error exporting %s from %s with: %w", entity, fname, err))
}

// wraps import error for more context