internal fun connectFailed(
    client: OkHttpClient,
    failedRoute: Route,
    failure: IOException,
  ) {
    // Tell the proxy selector when we fail to connect on a fresh connection.
    if (failedRoute.proxy.type() != Proxy.Type.DIRECT) {
      val address = failedRoute.address
      address.proxySelector.connectFailed(
        address.url.toUri(),
        failedRoute.proxy.address(),

    // Check that a fresh connection was created, either immediately or after attempting reuse.
    // We know that a fresh connection was created if the server recorded a request with sequence
    // number 0. Since the client may have attempted to reuse the broken connection just before
    // creating a fresh connection, the server may have recorded 2 requests at this point. The order

        .onlyIfCached()
        .noTransform()
        .immutable()
        .build()
    assertThat(cacheControl.toString()).isEqualTo(
      "no-cache, no-store, max-age=1, max-stale=2, min-fresh=3, only-if-cached, " +
        "no-transform, immutable",
    )
    assertThat(cacheControl.noCache).isTrue()
    assertThat(cacheControl.noStore).isTrue()
    assertThat(cacheControl.maxAgeSeconds).isEqualTo(1)

        if (mustRevalidate) append("must-revalidate, ")
        if (maxStaleSeconds != -1) append("max-stale=").append(maxStaleSeconds).append(", ")
        if (minFreshSeconds != -1) append("min-fresh=").append(minFreshSeconds).append(", ")
        if (onlyIfCached) append("only-if-cached, ")
        if (noTransform) append("no-transform, ")
        if (immutable) append("immutable, ")
        if (isEmpty()) return ""

      assertThat(ioe.cause!!).isInstanceOf<EOFException>()
    }
  }

  // TODO GET preferred order - with tests to confirm this
  // 1. successful fresh cached GET response
  // 2. unsuccessful (404, 500) fresh cached GET response
  // 3. successful network response
  // 4. successful stale cached GET response
  // 5. unsuccessful response
  @Test
  fun usesCache() {

/**
 * Runs MockWebServer for the duration of a single test method.
 *
 * Specifically while junit instances passes into test constructor
 * are typically shares amongst all tests, a fresh instance will be
 * received here. Use with @BeforeAll and @AfterAll, is not supported.
 *
 * There are 3 ids for instances
 * - The test instance default (passed into constructor)

      val clientCertificates =
        HandshakeCertificates.Builder()
          .addPlatformTrustedCertificates()
          .addInsecureHost(server.hostName)
          .build()

      // Need fresh client to reset sslSocketFactoryOrNull
      client =
        OkHttpClient.Builder()
          .eventListenerFactory(
            clientTestRule.wrap(
              object : EventListener() {

Some requests will have a cached response. When this cached response isn’t fresh, OkHttp can do a _conditional GET_ to download an updated response if it’s newer than what’s cached. This requires headers like `If-Modified-Since` and `If-None-Match` to be added.

## Rewriting Responses

      this.maxStaleSeconds = maxStaleSecondsLong.commonClampToInt()
    }

    /**
     * Sets the minimum number of seconds that a response will continue to be fresh for. If the
     * response will be stale when [minFresh] have elapsed, the cached response will not be used and
     * a network request will be made.
     *

    // Stalling the socket will cause TWO requests to time out!
    server.enqueue(MockResponse(socketPolicy = StallSocketAtStart))

    // The 3rd request should be sent to a fresh connection.
    server.enqueue(
      MockResponse(body = "fresh connection"),
    )

    // The first call times out.
    val call1 = client.newCall(Request(server.url("/")))
    assertFailsWith<IOException> {
      call1.execute()