!!! tip "Tipp"

  protected final String escapeSlow(String s, int index) {
    int slen = s.length();

    // Get a destination buffer and setup some loop variables.
    char[] dest = Platform.charBufferFromThreadLocal();
    int destSize = dest.length;
    int destIndex = 0;
    int lastEscape = 0;

    // Loop through the rest of the string, replacing when needed into the
    // destination buffer, which gets grown as needed as well.

pkg syscall (windows-386), const IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP = 11
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS = 4
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IPV6_V6ONLY = 27
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP = 12
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP = 13
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IP_MULTICAST_IF = 9
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IP_MULTICAST_LOOP = 11

		// be extra careful: Scanner is for safe, simple jobs.
		for loop := 0; ; {
			n, err := s.r.Read(s.buf[s.end:len(s.buf)])
			if n < 0 || len(s.buf)-s.end < n {
				s.setErr(ErrBadReadCount)
				break
			}
			s.end += n
			if err != nil {
				s.setErr(err)
				break
			}
			if n > 0 {
				s.empties = 0
				break
			}
			loop++
			if loop > maxConsecutiveEmptyReads {
				s.setErr(io.ErrNoProgress)

  private static void testBytes(int numBytes, long expectedCount) {
    testBytes(numBytes, expectedCount, 0, -1);
  }

  /**
   * Helper to run the loop to test all the permutations for the number of bytes specified. This
   * overload is useful for debugging to get the loop to start at a certain character.
   *
   * @param numBytes the number of bytes in the byte array

    int utf16Length = sequence.length();
    int utf8Length = utf16Length;
    int i = 0;

    // This loop optimizes for pure ASCII.
    while (i < utf16Length && sequence.charAt(i) < 0x80) {
      i++;
    }

    // This loop optimizes for chars less than 0x800.
    for (; i < utf16Length; i++) {
      char c = sequence.charAt(i);
      if (c < 0x800) {

   * </pre>
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is a loop in the causal chain
   */
  public static Throwable getRootCause(Throwable throwable) {
    // Keep a second pointer that slowly walks the causal chain. If the fast pointer ever catches
    // the slower pointer, then there's a loop.
    Throwable slowPointer = throwable;
    boolean advanceSlowPointer = false;

   * </pre>
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is a loop in the causal chain
   */
  public static Throwable getRootCause(Throwable throwable) {
    // Keep a second pointer that slowly walks the causal chain. If the fast pointer ever catches
    // the slower pointer, then there's a loop.
    Throwable slowPointer = throwable;
    boolean advanceSlowPointer = false;

  var maxStaleSeconds = -1
  var minFreshSeconds = -1
  var onlyIfCached = false
  var noTransform = false
  var immutable = false

  var canUseHeaderValue = true
  var headerValue: String? = null

  loop@ for (i in 0 until headers.size) {
    val name = headers.name(i)
    val value = headers.value(i)

    when {
      name.equals("Cache-Control", ignoreCase = true) -> {
        if (headerValue != null) {

  var commaFound = false
  loop@ while (!exhausted()) {
    when (this[0]) {
      ','.code.toByte() -> {
        // Consume ','.
        readByte()
        commaFound = true
      }

      ' '.code.toByte(), '\t'.code.toByte() -> {
        readByte()
        // Consume space or tab.
      }

      else -> break@loop
    }
  }
  return commaFound
}