#### Password hashing

"Hashing" means: converting some content (a password in this case) into a sequence of bytes (just a string) that looks like gibberish.

Whenever you pass exactly the same content (exactly the same password) you get exactly the same gibberish.

But you cannot convert from the gibberish back to the password.

##### Why use password hashing

            // which may cause some re-entrance in the build() method and can
            // actually cause deadlocks.  In order to workaround the problem,
            // we do a first pass by reading all rawModels in order.
            List<ProjectBuildingResult> results = new ArrayList<>();
            boolean failure = false;
            for (InterimResult r : interimResults) {

def get_value_or_default(
    first_item: Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType],
    *extra_items: Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType],
) -> Union[DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType]:
    """
    Pass items or `DefaultPlaceholder`s by descending priority.

    The first one to _not_ be a `DefaultPlaceholder` will be returned.

    Otherwise, the first item (a `DefaultPlaceholder`) will be returned.
    """

		os.Setenv("CONSOLE_LOG_QUERY_URL", value)
		if value := env.Get(config.EnvMinIOLogQueryAuthToken, ""); value != "" {
			os.Setenv("CONSOLE_LOG_QUERY_AUTH_TOKEN", value)
		}
	}
	// pass the console subpath configuration
	if globalBrowserRedirectURL != nil {
		subPath := path.Clean(pathJoin(strings.TrimSpace(globalBrowserRedirectURL.Path), SlashSeparator))
		if subPath != SlashSeparator {

    ```Python hl_lines="34"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_updates/tutorial002.py!}
    ```

### Using Pydantic's `update` parameter

Now, you can create a copy of the existing model using `.model_copy()`, and pass the `update` parameter with a `dict` containing the data to update.

!!! info
    In Pydantic v1 the method was called `.copy()`, it was deprecated (but still supported) in Pydantic v2, and renamed to `.model_copy()`.

}

func podAndNetns() (*v1.Pod, *fakeNs) {
	devNull, err := os.Open(os.DevNull)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	// we can't close this now, because we need to pass it from the ztunnel server to the client
	// it would leak, but this is a test, so we don't care
	//	defer devNull.Close()

	id := ztunnelTestCounter.Add(1)
	pod := &v1.Pod{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{

```sh
tar xvfz prometheus-*.tar.gz
cd prometheus-*
```

Prometheus server is a single binary called `prometheus` (or `prometheus.exe` on Microsoft Windows). Run the binary and pass `--help` flag to see available options

```sh
./prometheus --help
usage: prometheus [<flags>]

The Prometheus monitoring server

. . .
```

   * <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-CSP-20111129/">CSP v.1</a> and used by the Firefox until
   * version 23 and the Internet Explorer version 10. Please, use {@link #CONTENT_SECURITY_POLICY}
   * to pass the CSP.
   *
   * @since 20.0
   */
  public static final String X_CONTENT_SECURITY_POLICY = "X-Content-Security-Policy";
  /**

        originalFile: KtFile,
        positionInFakeFile: KtElement
    ): KtScopeContext {
        val fakeFile = positionInFakeFile.containingKtFile

        // If the position is in KDoc, we want to pass the owning declaration to the ContextCollector.
        // That way, the resulting scope will contain all the nested declarations which can be references by KDoc.
        val parentKDoc = positionInFakeFile.parentOfType<KDoc>()

* The variable `items_t` is a `tuple` with 3 items, an `int`, another `int`, and a `str`.
* The variable `items_s` is a `set`, and each of its items is of type `bytes`.

#### Dict

To define a `dict`, you pass 2 type parameters, separated by commas.

The first type parameter is for the keys of the `dict`.

The second type parameter is for the values of the `dict`:

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="1"