* translates to "almost empty buffers", which can be filled immediately.
   *
   * On the other hand, past underutilization could mean that "the server responsible for handling
   * the request has become less ready for future requests", i.e. its caches become stale, and
   * requests become more likely to trigger expensive operations (a more extreme case of this

     * Luckily, our nullness checker is smart enough to realize that `convert` has @PolyNull-like
     * behavior, so it knows that `convert(a)` returns a non-nullable value, and we don't need to
     * perform even a cast, much less a runtime check.
     *
     * All that said, don't forget that everyone should call converter.convert() instead of
     * converter.apply(), anyway. If clients use only converter.convert(), then their nullness

     * traverse. When nodes would otherwise be changed, new nodes are created to replace them. This
     * works well for hash tables since the bin lists tend to be short. (The average length is less
     * than two.)
     *
     * Read operations can thus proceed without locking, but rely on selected uses of volatiles to
     * ensure that completed write operations performed by other threads are noticed. For most

    assertLessThan(STOPPING, TERMINATED);
  }

  private static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void assertLessThan(T a, T b) {
    if (a.compareTo(b) >= 0) {
      fail(String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Expected %s to be less than %s", a, b));
    }
  }

        .test();
  }

  public void testRoundToDouble_twoToThe54PlusOne() {
    double twoToThe54 = Math.pow(2, 54);
    // the representable doubles are 2^54 and 2^54 + 4
    // 2^54+1 is less than halfway between, so HALF_DOWN and HALF_UP will both go down.
    new RoundToDoubleTester(BigDecimal.valueOf((1L << 54) + 1))
        .setExpectation(twoToThe54, DOWN, FLOOR, HALF_DOWN, HALF_UP, HALF_EVEN)

   * part of the smeared hash of the element not covered by the hashtable mask, whereas the low bits
   * are the "next" pointer (pointing to the next entry in the bucket chain), which will always be
   * less than or equal to the hashtable mask.
   *
   * <pre>
   * hash  = aaaaaaaa
   * mask  = 00000fff
   * next  = 00000bbb
   * entry = aaaaabbb
   * </pre>
   *

    try {
      Preconditions.checkElementIndex(1, 1);
      fail();
    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException expected) {
      assertThat(expected).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo("index (1) must be less than size (1)");
    }
  }

  public void testCheckElementIndex_withDesc_negative() {
    try {
      Preconditions.checkElementIndex(-1, 1, "foo");
      fail();

  @CheckForNull
  public abstract C next(C value);

  /**
   * Returns the unique greatest value of type {@code C} that is less than {@code value}, or {@code
   * null} if none exists. Inverse operation to {@link #next}.
   *
   * @param value any value of type {@code C}
   * @return the greatest value less than {@code value}, or {@code null} if {@code value} is {@code
   *     minValue()}
   */
  @CheckForNull

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import junit.framework.TestCase;

/**
 * Tests that the different algorithms benchmarked in {@link QuantilesBenchmark} are actually all
 * returning more-or-less the same answers.
 */
public class QuantilesAlgorithmTest extends TestCase {

  private static final Random RNG = new Random(82674067L);
  private static final int DATASET_SIZE = 1000;

   * Math#min(float, float)}.
   *
   * @param array a <i>nonempty</i> array of {@code float} values
   * @return the value present in {@code array} that is less than or equal to every other value in
   *     the array
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code array} is empty
   */
  @GwtIncompatible(