import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Ascii}.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class AsciiTest extends TestCase {

  /**
   * The Unicode points {@code 00c1} and {@code 00e1} are the upper- and lowercase forms of
   * A-with-acute-accent, {@code Á} and {@code á}.
   */
  private static final String IGNORED = "`10-=~!@#$%^&*()_+[]\\{}|;':\",./<>?'\u00c1\u00e1\n";

import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Ascii}.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class AsciiTest extends TestCase {

  /**
   * The Unicode points {@code 00c1} and {@code 00e1} are the upper- and lowercase forms of
   * A-with-acute-accent, {@code Á} and {@code á}.
   */
  private static final String IGNORED = "`10-=~!@#$%^&*()_+[]\\{}|;':\",./<>?'\u00c1\u00e1\n";

In general, ASGI middlewares are classes that expect to receive an ASGI app as the first argument.

So, in the documentation for third-party ASGI middlewares they will probably tell you to do something like:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = SomeASGIApp()

new_app = UnicornMiddleware(app, some_config="rainbow")
```

```Python
q: str
```

вместо:

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = None
```

Но у нас query-параметр определён как `Query`. Например:

//// tab | Annotated

```Python
q: Annotated[Union[str, None], Query(min_length=3)] = None
```

////

//// tab | без Annotated

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, min_length=3)
```

////

 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */
package jcifs.pac;

/**
 * Represents a Unicode string structure as used in PAC data.
 * This class encapsulates the metadata for a Unicode string including its length,
 * maximum length, and pointer to the actual string data.
 */
public class PacUnicodeString {

    private final short length;

            for (int _i = 0; _i < _uuid_nodes; _i++) {
                this.uuid.node[_i] = (byte) _src.dec_ndr_small();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Unicode string structure for DCE/RPC operations.
     * Represents a Unicode string with length information.
     */
    public static class unicode_string extends NdrObject {

        /**
         * Default constructor for unicode_string.
         */

```

////

#### ⚙️ `Union` ⚖️ `Optional`

🚥 👆 ⚙️ 🐍 ⏬ 🔛 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣, 📥 💁‍♂ ⚪️➡️ 👇 📶 **🤔** ☝ 🎑:

* 👶 ❎ ⚙️ `Optional[SomeType]`
* ↩️ 👶 **⚙️ `Union[SomeType, None]`** 👶.

👯‍♂️ 🌓 & 🔘 👫 🎏, ✋️ 👤 🔜 👍 `Union` ↩️ `Optional` ↩️ 🔤 "**📦**" 🔜 😑 🔑 👈 💲 📦, & ⚫️ 🤙 ⛓ "⚫️ 💪 `None`", 🚥 ⚫️ 🚫 📦 & ✔.

👤 💭 `Union[SomeType, None]` 🌖 🔑 🔃 ⚫️❔ ⚫️ ⛓.

El parámetro de query `q` es del tipo `Union[str, None]` (o `str | None` en Python 3.10), lo que significa que es de tipo `str` pero también podría ser `None`, y de hecho, el valor por defecto es `None`, así que FastAPI sabrá que no es requerido.

/// note | Nota

FastAPI sabrá que el valor de `q` no es requerido por el valor por defecto `= None`.

## Ví dụ

### Khởi tạo

* Tạo một tệp tin `main.py` như sau:

```Python
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">

	typedef struct {
		int count;
		[size_is(count)] ShareInfo502 *array;
	} ShareInfoCtr502;

	typedef [switch_type(int)] union {
		[case(0)] ShareInfo0 *info0;
		[case(1)] ShareInfo1 *info1;
		[case(502)] ShareInfo502 *info1;
	} ShareInfo;

	typedef [switch_type(int)] union {
		[case(0)] ShareInfoCtr0 *info0;
		[case(1)] ShareInfoCtr1 *info1;
		[case(502)] ShareInfoCtr502 *info1;
	} ShareCtr;

	[op(0x0f)]