byte[] buffer = new byte[100];
        int bufferIndex = 0;

        // Reserved bytes
        buffer[bufferIndex] = (byte) 0xFF;
        buffer[bufferIndex + 1] = (byte) 0xFF;
        buffer[bufferIndex + 2] = (byte) 0xFF;

        // Set fields with negative values (should be treated as unsigned)
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(-1, buffer, bufferIndex + 3); // Should be read as 0xFFFFFFFF

            // Arrange
            context = new EncryptionNegotiateContext();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, // Padding
                    0x02, 0x00, // 2 ciphers
                    0x01, 0x00, // AES128_CCM
                    0x02, 0x00 // AES128_GCM
            };

            // Act

        bufferIndex += 8;
        this.numberOfLinks = SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, bufferIndex);
        bufferIndex += 4;
        this.deletePending = (buffer[bufferIndex] & 0xFF) > 0;
        bufferIndex++;
        this.directory = (buffer[bufferIndex++] & 0xFF) > 0;
        return bufferIndex - start;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     *
     * @see jcifs.Encodable#size()
     */
    @Override

        int readIndex = (buffer[Smb2Constants.SMB2_HEADER_LENGTH + 4] & 0xFF) | ((buffer[Smb2Constants.SMB2_HEADER_LENGTH + 5] & 0xFF) << 8)
                | ((buffer[Smb2Constants.SMB2_HEADER_LENGTH + 6] & 0xFF) << 16)
                | ((buffer[Smb2Constants.SMB2_HEADER_LENGTH + 7] & 0xFF) << 24);
        assertEquals(fileIndex, readIndex);
    }

    @Test

  static int load32(byte[] source, int offset) {
    // TODO(user): Measure the benefit of delegating this to LittleEndianBytes also.
    return (source[offset] & 0xFF)
        | ((source[offset + 1] & 0xFF) << 8)
        | ((source[offset + 2] & 0xFF) << 16)
        | ((source[offset + 3] & 0xFF) << 24);
  }

  /**
   * Indicates that the load and store operations will be very efficient because of use of VarHandle

        assertEquals("00010203", Hexdump.toHexString(data1, 0, 8)); // 8 chars = 4 bytes

        // Test with negative byte values
        byte[] data2 = { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0x80, 0x7F };
        assertEquals("FF", Hexdump.toHexString(data2, 0, 2)); // 2 chars = 1 byte
        assertEquals("FFF", Hexdump.toHexString(data2, 0, 3)); // 3 chars = 1.5 bytes (rounds up to 2)

		case "darwin", "ios":
			// Copied from golang.org/x/sys/unix/dev_darwin.go.
			major := uint32((dev >> 24) & 0xff)
			minor := uint32(dev & 0xffffff)
			h.Devmajor, h.Devminor = int64(major), int64(minor)
		case "dragonfly":
			// Copied from golang.org/x/sys/unix/dev_dragonfly.go.
			major := uint32((dev >> 8) & 0xff)
			minor := uint32(dev & 0xffff00ff)
			h.Devmajor, h.Devminor = int64(major), int64(minor)
		case "freebsd":

    val tagClass = tagAndClass and 0b1100_0000
    val constructed = (tagAndClass and 0b0010_0000) == 0b0010_0000
    val tag =
      when (val tag0 = tagAndClass and 0b0001_1111) {
        0b0001_1111 -> readVariableLengthLong()
        else -> tag0.toLong()
      }

    // Read the length.
    val length0 = source.readByte().toInt() and 0xff
    val length =
      when {

            byte[] buffer = new byte[32];
            // Set large values to test 64-bit arithmetic
            buffer[0] = (byte) 0xFF;
            buffer[1] = (byte) 0xFF; // Large alloc
            buffer[24] = (byte) 0xFF; // Large sectPerAlloc
            buffer[28] = (byte) 0xFF;
            buffer[29] = (byte) 0xFF; // Large bytesPerSect

            int bytesDecoded = fileFsFullSizeInfo.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

            int length = testBlock.encode(buffer, 0);

            assertTrue(length > 0);
            assertEquals(length, testBlock.getLength());
            // SMB_HEADER is {0xFF, 'S', 'M', 'B'}
            byte[] expectedHeader = { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 'S', (byte) 'M', (byte) 'B' };
            assertArrayEquals(expectedHeader, java.util.Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer, 0, 4));
            assertEquals(0, buffer[SmbConstants.CMD_OFFSET]);