message[12] = 24; // Length
        message[13] = 0;
        message[14] = 24; // Max Length
        message[15] = 0;
        message[16] = 64; // Offset
        message[17] = 0;
        message[18] = 0;
        message[19] = 0;

        // NT Response (24 bytes at offset 88)
        message[20] = 24; // Length
        message[21] = 0;
        message[22] = 24; // Max Length
        message[23] = 0;

 */
public abstract class DcerpcMessage extends NdrObject implements DcerpcConstants {

    /**
     * Default constructor for DcerpcMessage.
     * Initializes the DCE/RPC message structure.
     */
    protected DcerpcMessage() {
        // Default constructor
    }

    /**
     * The packet type of this DCERPC message
     */
    protected int ptype = -1;

constraints.Range.message = {item} debe estar entre {min} y {max}.
constraints.SafeHtml.message = {item} contiene contenido HTML peligroso.
constraints.ScriptAssert.message = La expresión de script "{script}" no es verdadera.
constraints.URL.message = {item} no es una URL válida.
constraints.Required.message = {item} es obligatorio.
constraints.TypeInteger.message = {item} debe ser un número.
constraints.TypeLong.message = {item} debe ser un número.

    @ParameterizedTest
    @MethodSource("intErrorCodes")
    @DisplayName("int ctor: sets message and NT status as expected")
    void intConstructor_populatesMessageAndStatus(int errCode, int expectedStatus) {
        // Arrange & Act: create exception with error code
        SmbAuthException ex = new SmbAuthException(errCode);

        // Assert: type, message derived from code, status mapping, and no cause
        assertNotNull(ex);

        // Test constraint message constants
        assertEquals("{constraints.AssertFalse.message}", FessMessages.CONSTRAINTS_AssertFalse_MESSAGE);
        assertEquals("{constraints.AssertTrue.message}", FessMessages.CONSTRAINTS_AssertTrue_MESSAGE);
        assertEquals("{constraints.DecimalMax.message}", FessMessages.CONSTRAINTS_DecimalMax_MESSAGE);
        assertEquals("{constraints.DecimalMin.message}", FessMessages.CONSTRAINTS_DecimalMin_MESSAGE);

            assertTrue(message.isFlagSet(DcerpcConstants.RPC_C_PF_NO_FRAGMENT));

            // Test unsetting a non-existing flag
            message.flags = DcerpcConstants.RPC_C_PF_BROADCAST;
            message.unsetFlag(DcerpcConstants.RPC_C_PF_IDEMPOTENT);
            assertTrue(message.isFlagSet(DcerpcConstants.RPC_C_PF_BROADCAST));
        }

        @Test

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructorWithMessageAndNullCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and null cause
        String message = "Query processing error";

        SearchQueryException exception = new SearchQueryException(message, null);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withMessageAndNullCause() {
        // Test constructor with message and null cause
        String message = "LDAP error occurred";
        LdapOperationException exception = new LdapOperationException(message, null);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());

            // Create and populate the RPC message
            WitnessHeartbeatMessage message = new WitnessHeartbeatMessage();
            message.setContextHandle(request.getContextHandle());
            message.setSequenceNumber(request.getSequenceNumber());

            // Send the RPC request
            rpcHandle.sendrecv(message);

            // Create response from RPC message results

        // Test with URL, message, and exception (abort defaults to false)
        String url = "http://example.com/test";
        String message = "Test error message";
        Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause");

        DataStoreCrawlingException exception = new DataStoreCrawlingException(url, message, cause);

        assertEquals(url, exception.getUrl());