"Raw bytes for empty string should be empty");

        byte[] emptyBytes = new byte[0];
        AvTargetName avTargetNameFromBytes = new AvTargetName(emptyBytes);
        assertEquals(emptyString, avTargetNameFromBytes.getTargetName(),
                "Empty string should be handled correctly from raw bytes constructor");

    }

    public static String key(String groupId, String artifactId, String version) {
        notBlank(groupId, "groupId can neither be null, empty nor blank");
        notBlank(artifactId, "artifactId can neither be null, empty nor blank");
        notBlank(version, "version can neither be null, empty nor blank");

        return groupId + ":" + artifactId + ":" + version;
    }

    private static void notBlank(String str, String message) {

     *
     * @param name
     *            The resource name. Must not be {@literal null} or an empty string.
     * @return An iterator of URL objects for the resources. If no resources are found, the iterator will be empty.
     *         Resources that the class loader does not have access to will not be included.
     * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#getResources(String)
     */

}

// mergeEntryChannels will merge entries from in and return them sorted on out.
// To signify no more results are on an input channel, close it.
// The output channel will be closed when all inputs are emptied.
// If file names are equal, compareMeta is called to select which one to choose.
// The entry not chosen will be discarded.
// If the context is canceled the function will return the error,

    }

    /**
     * Returns the bundle. Returns <code>null</code> if not found.
     *
     * @param name the resource bundle name (must not be {@literal null} or empty)
     * @param locale the locale
     * @param classLoader the class loader (must not be {@literal null} or empty)
     * @return {@link ResourceBundle}
     * @see ResourceBundle#getBundle(String, Locale, ClassLoader)
     */

        validateInputStream(in);
        try {
            final String content = params != null ? params.getOrDefault(ExtractData.RESOURCE_NAME_KEY, StringUtil.EMPTY) : StringUtil.EMPTY;
            return new ExtractData(content);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new ExtractException("Failed to extract filename from parameters.", e);
        }
    }

   * otherwise returns an empty stream.
   */
  public static <T> Stream<T> stream(com.google.common.base.Optional<T> optional) {
    return optional.isPresent() ? Stream.of(optional.get()) : Stream.empty();
  }

  /**
   * If a value is present in {@code optional}, returns a stream containing only that element,
   * otherwise returns an empty stream.
   *

     *            The fully qualified name of the desired class. Must not be {@literal null} or empty.
     * @param loader
     *            The class loader to use to load the class
     * @return The {@link Class} object for the class with the specified name
     * @throws EmptyArgumentException
     *             If the class name is {@literal null} or empty
     * @throws ClassNotFoundRuntimeException
     *             If the class cannot be found

        // Mock successful but empty response
        when(treeHandle.send(any(), any(), (RequestParam[]) any())).thenAnswer(invocation -> {
            // The response is the second argument
            Object response = invocation.getArgument(1);
            // Return it unchanged (which will have default values = empty results)
            return response;
        });

        descriptor.setVersion("0.1");
        List<String> errors = new ArrayList<>();
        mavenPluginValidator.validate(plugin, descriptor, errors);
        assertFalse(errors.isEmpty(), "Expected collection to not be empty but was empty");
    }

    @Test
    void testInvalidArtifactId() {
        Artifact plugin = new DefaultArtifact(
                "org.apache.maven.its.plugins",
                "maven-it-plugin",
                "0.1",