assertFalse(renewed, "renewCredentials should return false when renewable credentials are not renewed");
        assertEquals(mockRenewableCredentials, wrapper.getCredentials(), "Credentials should remain unchanged if renew() returns null");
        verify(mockRenewableCredentials).renew();
    }

    @Test

    return advance(duration.toNanos());
  }

  /**
   * Sets the increment applied to the ticker whenever it is queried.
   *
   * <p>The default behavior is to auto increment by zero. i.e: The ticker is left unchanged when
   * queried.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public FakeTicker setAutoIncrementStep(long autoIncrementStep, TimeUnit timeUnit) {

        byte[] originalRequestBuffer = negotiation.getRequestRaw();
        byte[] originalResponseBuffer = negotiation.getResponseRaw();

        // Verify fields remain unchanged on subsequent calls
        assertSame(originalRequest, negotiation.getRequest());
        assertSame(originalResponse, negotiation.getResponse());
        assertSame(originalRequestBuffer, negotiation.getRequestRaw());

            echoRequest.writeBytesWireFormat(buffer, startIndex);

            // Check bytes before written area are unchanged
            for (int i = 0; i < startIndex; i++) {
                assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, buffer[i]);
            }

            // Check bytes after written area are unchanged
            for (int i = startIndex + 4; i < buffer.length; i++) {
                assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, buffer[i]);

    return advance(duration.toNanos());
  }

  /**
   * Sets the increment applied to the ticker whenever it is queried.
   *
   * <p>The default behavior is to auto increment by zero. i.e: The ticker is left unchanged when
   * queried.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public FakeTicker setAutoIncrementStep(long autoIncrementStep, TimeUnit timeUnit) {

            writeBytes.setAccessible(true);
            writeBytes.invoke(cancel, dst, 0);

            // Then - array should remain unchanged
            assertArrayEquals(originalDst, dst);
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Read operations should not modify buffer array")
        void testReadOperationsDoNotModifyArray() throws Exception {

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            assertEquals(src[off + i], dst[dstIndex + i], "Byte mismatch at " + i);
        }

        // Assert: bytes before and after region remain unchanged.
        for (int i = 0; i < dstIndex; i++) {
            assertEquals((byte) 0x55, dst[i], "Unexpected change before copy region at " + i);
        }
        for (int i = dstIndex + len; i < dst.length; i++) {

        // Verify encoded length
        assertEquals(0, encodedLen, "Encoded length should be zero for zero length encodable");
        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, dest, "Destination array should remain unchanged for zero length encoding");
    }

    @Test
    void testEncodeEmptySourceArray() {
        // Test with an empty source array
        byte[] data = {};

            // Modify the copy
            copyFileId[0] = 0x00;

            // Verify original is unchanged
            assertEquals((byte) 0xFF, originalFileId[0], "Original FileId should remain unchanged");
            assertArrayEquals(
                    new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF,

    return new Colliders();
  }

  @Override
  public Object[] createArray(int length) {
    return new Object[length];
  }

  /** Returns the original element list, unchanged. */
  @Override
  public List<Object> order(List<Object> insertionOrder) {
    return insertionOrder;
  }