assertTrue(ts.contains(ex.getMessage()), "toString should contain the detail message");
    }

    @ParameterizedTest(name = "Message preserved: [{0}]")
    @MethodSource("messages")
    @DisplayName("Message constructor preserves provided messages, including null/edge cases")
    void messageConstructor_preservesMessage(String msg) {
        // Arrange & Act

            final String message = e.getMessage();
            assertNotNull("Error message should not be null", message);
            assertFalse("Error message should not be empty", message.trim().isEmpty());
            assertTrue("Error message should start with action verb", message.startsWith("Failed to extract"));
            assertTrue("Error message should contain 'text content'", message.contains("text content"));
        }

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage(), "Message should match the input.");
        assertNull(exception.getCause(), "Cause should be null for message-only constructor.");
    }

    /**
     * Test constructor DcerpcException(String msg, Throwable rootCause).
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructorWithMessageAndCause() {
        String message = "Test message with cause.";

     */
    private final Object[] args;

    /**
     * The formatted message.
     */
    private final String message;

    /**
     * The simple message without the message code.
     */
    private final String simpleMessage;

    /**
     * Creates {@link ClRuntimeException}.
     *
     * @param messageCode message code
     */

        int paddedLength = ((message.length + blockSize - 1) / blockSize) * blockSize;
        byte[] paddedMessage = new byte[Math.max(paddedLength, message.length)];
        System.arraycopy(message, 0, paddedMessage, 0, message.length);

        // Encrypt with constant timing
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(paddedMessage, 0, message.length);

        // Clear padded data

     * @param message the error message
     */
    public SmbOperationException(ErrorCode errorCode, String message) {
        this(errorCode, message, null, RetryPolicy.DEFAULT, Collections.emptyMap());
    }

    /**
     * Create a new SmbOperationException with cause
     *
     * @param errorCode the error code
     * @param message the error message
     * @param cause the underlying cause

     *
     * @param message the detail message
     */
    public OpenSearchAccessException(final String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of OpenSearchAccessException.
     *
     * @param message the detail message
     * @param cause the cause
     */
    public OpenSearchAccessException(final String message, final Throwable cause) {

     *
     * @param message the message
     */
    public ClUnsupportedOperationException(final String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a {@link ClUnsupportedOperationException}.
     *
     * @param message the message
     * @param cause the underlying exception
     */
    public ClUnsupportedOperationException(final String message, final Throwable cause) {

    }

    /**
     * Creates a Type-1 message using default values from the current
     * environment.
     */
    public Type1Message() {
        this(getDefaultFlags(), getDefaultDomain(), getDefaultWorkstation());
    }

    /**
     * Creates a Type-1 message with the specified parameters.
     *
     * @param flags The flags to apply to this message.
     * @param suppliedDomain The supplied authentication domain.

        WitnessNotificationMessage message = new WitnessNotificationMessage();

        // Message type
        int messageType = buf.dec_ndr_long();
        message.setType(messageType);

        // Message length
        int messageLength = buf.dec_ndr_long();
        message.setLength(messageLength);

        // Based on message type, decode specific data
        switch (messageType) {