int bufferIndex = 0;
        int start = 0;

        // Write server name (16 bytes, null padded)
        byte[] nameBytes = serverName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
        System.arraycopy(nameBytes, 0, buffer, bufferIndex, Math.min(nameBytes.length, 15));
        bufferIndex += 16;

        // Write version major (1 byte)
        buffer[bufferIndex++] = (byte) versionMajor;

        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, offset + 4));

        // Verify file ID is copied correctly (16 bytes starting at offset+8)
        byte[] copiedFileId = new byte[16];
        System.arraycopy(buffer, offset + 8, copiedFileId, 0, 16);
        assertArrayEquals(testFileId, copiedFileId);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("writeBytesWireFormat with null file ID should handle gracefully")

        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, offset + 4));

        // Verify file ID is copied correctly (16 bytes starting at offset+8)
        byte[] copiedFileId = new byte[16];
        System.arraycopy(buffer, offset + 8, copiedFileId, 0, 16);
        assertArrayEquals(testFileId, copiedFileId);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("writeBytesWireFormat with close flags should write flags correctly")

  public static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] concat(
      T[] first, T[] second, Class<@NonNull T> type) {
    T[] result = newArray(type, first.length + second.length);
    arraycopy(first, 0, result, 0, first.length);
    arraycopy(second, 0, result, first.length, second.length);
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Returns a new array that prepends {@code element} to {@code array}.
   *

        @Override
        int writeParameterWordsWireFormat(byte[] dst, int dstIndex) {
            System.arraycopy(paramWords, 0, dst, dstIndex, paramWords.length);
            return paramWords.length;
        }

        @Override
        int writeBytesWireFormat(byte[] dst, int dstIndex) {
            System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, dst, dstIndex, bytes.length);
            return bytes.length;
        }

        @Override

        final byte[] key7 = new byte[7];
        final byte[] e8 = new byte[8];

        for (int i = 0; i < key.length / 7; i++) {
            System.arraycopy(key, i * 7, key7, 0, 7);
            final DES des = new DES(key7);
            des.encrypt(data, e8);
            System.arraycopy(e8, 0, e, i * 8, 8);
        }
    }

    static String DEFAULT_DOMAIN;
    static String DEFAULT_USERNAME;
    static String DEFAULT_PASSWORD;

            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
            System.arraycopy(SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER, 0, buffer, 0, 4);
            SMBUtil.writeInt4(128, buffer, 20); // next command offset
            return buffer;
        }

        private byte[] createMisalignedCompoundMessage() {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
            System.arraycopy(SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER, 0, buffer, 0, 4);

        assertEquals(0x0, buffer[12]);

        // Check padding
        assertEquals(0x0, buffer[13]);

        // Check name bytes
        byte[] encodedName = new byte[nameBytes.length];
        System.arraycopy(buffer, 14, encodedName, 0, nameBytes.length);
        assertArrayEquals(nameBytes, encodedName);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test encode with name and timeout")
    void testEncodeWithNameAndTimeout() {

        final int size = 8 + 8 + 32;
        final byte[] enc = new byte[size];
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(size, enc, 0);
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0, enc, 4);
        System.arraycopy(customData, 0, enc, 8, 8);
        System.arraycopy(machineId, 0, enc, 16, 32);
        return enc;
    }

        // Verify path length
        assertEquals(pathBytes.length, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, bodyOffset + 6));

        // Verify path content
        byte[] actualPath = new byte[pathBytes.length];
        System.arraycopy(buffer, bodyOffset + 8, actualPath, 0, pathBytes.length);
        assertArrayEquals(pathBytes, actualPath);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle chain operation correctly")
    void testChain() {