return (int) misses.incrementAndGet();
                  }
                });

    // To start, fill up the cache.
    // Each miss both increments the counter and causes the map to grow by one,
    // so until evictions begin, the size of the map is the greatest return
    // value seen so far
    while (cache.getUnchecked(nextRandomKey()) < maximumSize) {}

    requests.set(0);

* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Manipulação de WebSockets baseada em classes</a>....

        assertEquals(longMessage, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_constructor_withNestedCause() {
        // Test constructor with nested exception causes
        Exception rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Root cause");
        Exception middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle cause", rootCause);
        String message = "Top level dictionary error";

Un middleware no tiene que estar hecho para FastAPI o Starlette para funcionar, siempre que siga la especificación ASGI.

En general, los middlewares ASGI son clases que esperan recibir una aplicación ASGI como primer argumento.

Entonces, en la documentación de middlewares ASGI de terceros probablemente te indicarán que hagas algo como:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

      - name: 'Print Surefire reports'
        # Note: Normally a step won't run if the job has failed, but this causes it to
        if: ${{ failure() }}
        shell: bash
        run: ./util/print_surefire_reports.sh
      - name: 'Set up Gradle'
        if: matrix.java == 11 # used only by the integration tests below

                  ListFeature.SUPPORTS_SET)
              .createTestSuite());
    }
    return suite;
  }

  // Test generators.  To let the GWT test suite generator access them, they need to be
  // public named classes with a public default constructor.

  public static final class ShortsAsListGenerator extends TestShortListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Short> create(Short[] elements) {
      return asList(elements);

                  ListFeature.SUPPORTS_SET)
              .createTestSuite());
    }
    return suite;
  }

  // Test generators.  To let the GWT test suite generator access them, they need to be
  // public named classes with a public default constructor.

  public static final class LongsAsListGenerator extends TestLongListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Long> create(Long[] elements) {
      return asList(elements);
    }

                  ListFeature.SUPPORTS_SET)
              .createTestSuite());
    }
    return suite;
  }

  // Test generators.  To let the GWT test suite generator access them, they need to be
  // public named classes with a public default constructor.

  public static final class ShortsAsListGenerator extends TestShortListGenerator {
    @Override
    protected List<Short> create(Short[] elements) {
      return asList(elements);

A middleware doesn't have to be made for FastAPI or Starlette to work, as long as it follows the ASGI spec.

In general, ASGI middlewares are classes that expect to receive an ASGI app as the first argument.

So, in the documentation for third-party ASGI middlewares they will probably tell you to do something like:

```Python
from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

            // Act & Assert
            assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> resp.readBytesWireFormat(null, 0));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Insufficient buffer causes ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException")
        void shortBuffer_throwsAIOOBE() {
            // Arrange: length 1 means readInt2 will access index 1 and fail
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1];