///

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py hl[157] *}

## Declare scopes in *path operations* and dependencies { #declare-scopes-in-path-operations-and-dependencies }

Now we declare that the *path operation* for `/users/me/items/` requires the scope `items`.

For this, we import and use `Security` from `fastapi`.

          && method.getName().startsWith("test")
          /*
           * When we block access to AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater, we can't even reflect on
           * AbstractFuture, since it declares methods that use that type in their signatures.
           */
          && !method.getName().equals("testFutures_nullChecks")) {
        suite.addTest(
            TestSuite.createTest(

 * <p>The declaration methods must be public.
 */
@AndroidIncompatible // only used by android incompatible tests.
@NullUnmarked
abstract class SubtypeTester implements Cloneable {

  /** Annotates a public method that declares subtype assertion. */
  @RequiredModifiers(modifier = Modifier.PUBLIC)
  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
  @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
  @Keep
  @interface TestSubtype {

          && method.getName().startsWith("test")
          /*
           * When we block access to AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater, we can't even reflect on
           * AbstractFuture, since it declares methods that use that type in their signatures.
           */
          && !method.getName().equals("testFutures_nullChecks")) {
        suite.addTest(
            TestSuite.createTest(

```JSON
{
    "name": "Foo",
    "price": 45.2
}
```

## Declare it as a parameter { #declare-it-as-a-parameter }

To add it to your *path operation*, declare it the same way you declared path and query parameters:

{* ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py hl[16] *}

...and declare its type as the model you created, `Item`.

## Results { #results }

With just that Python type declaration, **FastAPI** will:

///

This parameter doesn't create that endpoint / *path operation*, but declares that the URL `/token` will be the one that the client should use to get the token. That information is used in OpenAPI, and then in the interactive API documentation systems.

We will soon also create the actual path operation.

...
DATA divtab<>+0x3c(SB)/4, $0x81828384
GLOBL divtab<>(SB), RODATA, $64

GLOBL runtime·tlsoffset(SB), NOPTR, $4
</pre>

<p>
declares and initializes <code>divtab&lt;&gt;</code>, a read-only 64-byte table of 4-byte integer values,
and declares <code>runtime·tlsoffset</code>, a 4-byte, implicitly zeroed variable that
contains no pointers.
</p>

<p>
There may be one or two arguments to the directives.

## `response_model` Parameter { #response-model-parameter }

There are some cases where you need or want to return some data that is not exactly what the type declares.

For example, you could want to **return a dictionary** or a database object, but **declare it as a Pydantic model**. This way the Pydantic model would do all the data documentation, validation, etc. for the object that you returned (e.g. a dictionary or database object).

```Python
q: Annotated[str | None, Query(min_length=3)] = None
```

So, when you need to declare a value as required while using `Query`, you can simply not declare a default value:

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial006_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

### Required, can be `None` { #required-can-be-none }

   * (https://r.android.com/47508). We *would* need to worry for J2KT, whose own concurrency support
   * is evolving (b/381065164, b/458160722), but this class is @J2ktIncompatible.
   *
   * 2. The superclass toArray() method declares the more general return type `@Nullable Object[]`,
   * but we know that our values will never be `null`.
   */

  @Override
  public Object[] toArray() {
    return snapshotElementsToList().toArray();
  }