* </ul>
 *
 * <p>Consumers of this annotation include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Kotlin, for which it makes the type-variable usage (a) a Kotlin platform type when the type
 *       argument is non-nullable and (b) nullable when the type argument is nullable. We use this
 *       to "undo" {@link ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault}. It is the best we can do for Kotlin
 *       under our current constraints.
 *   <li>NullAway, which will <a

 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Consumers of this annotation include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Kotlin, for which it makes the type-variable usage (a) a Kotlin platform type when the type
 *       argument is non-nullable and (b) nullable when the type argument is nullable. We use this
 *       to "undo" {@link ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault}. It is the best we can do for Kotlin
 *       under our current constraints.
 *   <li>NullAway, which will <a

 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>Consumers of this annotation include:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Kotlin, for which it makes the type-variable usage (a) a Kotlin platform type when the type
 *       argument is non-nullable and (b) nullable when the type argument is nullable. We use this
 *       to "undo" {@link ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault}. It is the best we can do for Kotlin
 *       under our current constraints.
 *   <li>NullAway, which will <a

   *   <li>{@code proxy.equals(argument)} returns true if:
   *       <ul>
   *         <li>{@code proxy} and {@code argument} are of the same type
   *         <li>and {@link AbstractInvocationHandler#equals} returns true for the {@link
   *             InvocationHandler} of {@code argument}
   *       </ul>
   *   <li>other method calls are dispatched to {@link #handleInvocation}.

   * @return {@link InetAddress} representing the argument
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the argument is not a valid IP string literal
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // TODO(b/219820829): consider removing
  public static InetAddress forString(String ipString) {
    Scope scope = new Scope();
    byte[] addr = ipStringToBytes(ipString, scope);

    // The argument was malformed, i.e. not an IP string literal.

   * @return {@link InetAddress} representing the argument
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the argument is not a valid IP string literal
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // TODO(b/219820829): consider removing
  public static InetAddress forString(String ipString) {
    Scope scope = new Scope();
    byte[] addr = ipStringToBytes(ipString, scope);

    // The argument was malformed, i.e. not an IP string literal.

        final NullArgumentException nullArgumentException = new NullArgumentException("hoge");
        assertThat(nullArgumentException.getArgName(), is("hoge"));
        assertThat(nullArgumentException.getMessage(), is("[ECL0008]argument[hoge] is null."));
    }

    /**
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testErrorMessage_en() throws Exception {
        // ## Arrange ##
        Locale.setDefault(Locale.ENGLISH);

mport find from '../utils/find';\n\n/**\n * Converts a string containing value + unit into a px value number\n * @function\n * @memberof {modifiers~offset}\n * @private\n * @argument {String} str - Value + unit string\n * @argument {String} measurement - `height` or `width`\n * @argument {Object} popperOffsets\n * @argument {Object} referenceOffsets\n * @returns {Number|String}\n * Value in pixels, or original string if no values were extracted\n */\nexport function toValue(str, measurement, popperOffsets,...

    if not "%~2"=="" (
      rem This piece of magic somehow checks that an argument is a number
      for /F "delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%~2") do (
        set var="%%i"
      )
      if defined var (
        rem Not a number, assume no argument given and default to 9999
        set JPDA_PORT=9999
      ) else (
        rem Port was given, shift arguments
        set JPDA_PORT=%~2
        shift
      )
    ) else (

from unicorn import UnicornMiddleware

app = FastAPI()

app.add_middleware(UnicornMiddleware, some_config="rainbow")
```

`app.add_middleware()` receives a middleware class as the first argument and any additional arguments to be passed to the middleware.

## Integrated middlewares

**FastAPI** includes several middlewares for common use cases, we'll see next how to use them.

/// note | "Technical Details"