* obtain and manipulate a {@link java.net.InetAddress} instance from it rather than using this
 * class. Similarly, if you know that a given string represents a domain name, use {@link
 * InternetDomainName} rather than this class.
 *
 * @author Craig Berry
 * @since 5.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
public final class HostSpecifier {

    * But it provides you the tools to build simple web applications, with routing based on paths, etc.
    * If you are comparing Starlette, compare it against Sanic, Flask, Django, etc. Web frameworks (or microframeworks).
* **FastAPI**:

   *
   * @param value any value in the range of the {@code char} type
   * @return the {@code char} value that equals {@code value}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is greater than {@link Character#MAX_VALUE}
   *     or less than {@link Character#MIN_VALUE}
   */
  public static char checkedCast(long value) {
    char result = (char) value;
    checkArgument(result == value, "Out of range: %s", value);
    return result;

   *
   * @param value any value in the range of the {@code short} type
   * @return the {@code short} value that equals {@code value}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is greater than {@link Short#MAX_VALUE} or
   *     less than {@link Short#MIN_VALUE}
   */
  public static short checkedCast(long value) {
    short result = (short) value;
    checkArgument(result == value, "Out of range: %s", value);
    return result;
  }

   *
   * @param value any value in the range of the {@code short} type
   * @return the {@code short} value that equals {@code value}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is greater than {@link Short#MAX_VALUE} or
   *     less than {@link Short#MIN_VALUE}
   */
  public static short checkedCast(long value) {
    short result = (short) value;
    checkArgument(result == value, "Out of range: %s", value);
    return result;
  }

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = Field(
        default=None, title="The description of the item", max_length=300
    )
    price: float = Field(gt=0, description="The price must be greater than zero")
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item = Body(embed=True)):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

    /**
     * Test getMessageByDcerpcError() with an error code smaller than any known.
     */
    @Test
    void testGetMessageByDcerpcError_smallerThanAny() {
        int unknownCode = -1;
        String message = DcerpcException.getMessageByDcerpcError(unknownCode);
        assertEquals("0xFFFFFFFF", message, "Should return hex string for code smaller than any known.");
    }

    /**

   * ArithmeticException} rather than {@link IllegalArgumentException}.
   *
   * @param value any value in the range of the {@code int} type
   * @return the {@code int} value that equals {@code value}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is greater than {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE} or
   *     less than {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}
   */
  public static int checkedCast(long value) {

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = Field(
        default=None, title="The description of the item", max_length=300
    )
    price: float = Field(gt=0, description="The price must be greater than zero")
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Annotated[Item, Body(embed=True)]):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

     * {@link org.apache.maven.api.services.BuilderProblem.Severity#ERROR}.
     */
    default boolean hasErrorProblems() {
        return hasProblemsFor(BuilderProblem.Severity.ERROR);
    }

    /**
     * Returns {@code true} if there is at least one problem collected with severity equal or more severe than