* ভেরিয়েবল `items_s` হল একটি `set`, এবং এর প্রতিটি আইটেম হল `bytes` টাইপের।

#### ডিক্ট

একটি `dict` সংজ্ঞায়িত করতে, আপনি ২টি টাইপ প্যারামিটার কমা দ্বারা পৃথক করে দেবেন।

প্রথম টাইপ প্যারামিটারটি হল `dict`-এর কীগুলির জন্য।

দ্বিতীয় টাইপ প্যারামিটারটি হল `dict`-এর মানগুলির জন্য:

//// tab | Python 3.9+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial008_py39.py!}
```

* 変数`items_s`はそれぞれの項目が`bytes`型である`set`です。

#### `Dict`

`dict`を宣言するためには、カンマ区切りで2つの型パラメータを渡します。

最初の型パラメータは`dict`のキーです。

２番目の型パラメータは`dict`の値です。

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial008.py hl[1,4] *}


つまり:

* 変数`prices`は`dict`であり:
    * この`dict`のキーは`str`型です。（つまり、各項目の名前）
    * この`dict`の値は`float`型です。（つまり、各項目の価格）

#### `Optional`

Vous pouvez ajouter à votre décorateur de *paramètre de chemin* un paramètre `responses`.

Il prend comme valeur un `dict` dont les clés sont des codes HTTP pour chaque réponse, comme `200`, et la valeur de ces clés sont d'autres `dict` avec des informations pour chacun d'eux.

Chacun de ces `dict` de réponse peut avoir une clé `model`, contenant un modèle Pydantic, tout comme `response_model`.

{* ../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py hl[4,11,15:18] *}

/// note

Antes do FastAPI 0.108.0, Starlette 0.29.0, `name` era o primeiro parâmetro.

Além disso, em versões anteriores, o objeto `request` era passado como parte dos pares chave-valor no "context" dict para o Jinja2.

///

/// tip | Dica

import org.codelibs.core.io.CloseableUtil;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;
import org.codelibs.curl.CurlResponse;
import org.codelibs.fess.Constants;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.DictionaryException;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.DictionaryFile;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalEntity;

/**
 * Character mapping file handler for managing character mapping dictionaries.

{* ../../docs_src/body/tutorial002_py310.py *}

/// info

In Pydantic v1 the method was called `.dict()`, it was deprecated (but still supported) in Pydantic v2, and renamed to `.model_dump()`.

The examples here use `.dict()` for compatibility with Pydantic v1, but you should use `.model_dump()` instead if you can use Pydantic v2.

///

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Date;

import org.codelibs.core.io.CloseableUtil;
import org.codelibs.fess.Constants;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.DictionaryException;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.DictionaryFile.PagingList;
import org.codelibs.fess.dict.DictionaryManager;
import org.codelibs.fess.helper.SystemHelper;
import org.codelibs.fess.util.ComponentUtil;
import org.codelibs.curl.CurlResponse;

Após isso, o cliente e o servidor possuem uma **conexão TCP encriptada**, que é provida pelo TLS. E então eles podem usar essa conexão para começar a **comunicação HTTP** propriamente dita.

E isso resume o que é **HTTPS**, apenas **HTTP** simples dentro de uma **conexão TLS segura** em vez de uma conexão TCP pura (não encriptada).

/// tip | Dica

    <jsp:include page="/WEB-INF/view/common/admin/sidebar.jsp">
        <jsp:param name="menuCategoryType" value="system"/>
        <jsp:param name="menuType" value="dict"/>
    </jsp:include>
    <div class="content-wrapper">
        <div class="content-header">
            <div class="container-fluid">
                <div class="row mb-2">
                    <div class="col-sm-6">

이 경우 해당 공급자를 호출하는 종속성을 오버라이드하고 테스트에 대해서만 모의 사용자를 반환하는 사용자 지정 종속성을 사용할 수 있습니다.

### `app.dependency_overrides` 속성 사용하기

이런 경우를 위해 **FastAPI** 응용 프로그램에는 `app.dependency_overrides`라는 속성이 있습니다. 이는 간단한 `dict`입니다.

테스트를 위해 의존성을 오버라이드하려면, 원래 의존성(함수)을 키로 설정하고 오버라이드할 의존성(다른 함수)을 값으로 설정합니다.

그럼 **FastAPI**는 원래 의존성 대신 오버라이드된 의존성을 호출합니다.

{* ../../docs_src/dependency_testing/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[26:27,30] *}