@Test
    @DisplayName("readULong correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadULong() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x04 };
        int result = NtlmMessage.readULong(a, 0);
        assertEquals(0x04030201, result, "ULong should be little‑endian");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("readUShort correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadUShort() {

    /**
     * Time encoding type: 1970 epoch, 32-bit seconds, little-endian.
     */
    public static final int TIME_1970_SEC_32LE = 2;

    /**
     * Time encoding type: 1904 epoch, 32-bit seconds, big-endian.
     */
    public static final int TIME_1904_SEC_32BE = 3;

    /**
     * Time encoding type: 1904 epoch, 32-bit seconds, little-endian.
     */
    public static final int TIME_1904_SEC_32LE = 4;

   * little-endian byte order.
   *
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
   */
  @Override
  public void writeChar(int v) throws IOException {
    writeShort(v);
  }

  /**
   * Writes a {@code String} as specified by {@link DataOutputStream#writeChars(String)}, except
   * each character is written using little-endian byte order.
   *

    @Test
    public void testReadShort() throws IOException {
        // Little-endian 0x1234 -> 0x34 0x12
        byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x34, 0x12, 0x00, 0x00 };
        PacDataInputStream pdis = createInputStream(data);
        assertEquals((short) 0x1234, pdis.readShort());
    }

    @Test
    public void testReadInt() throws IOException {
        // Little-endian 0x12345678 -> 0x78 0x56 0x34 0x12

        ExtendedSmbTree middle = smbTree.unwrap(ExtendedSmbTree.class);
        CustomSmbTree inner = middle.unwrap(CustomSmbTree.class);

        assertNotNull(middle, "Middle tree should not be null");
        assertNotNull(inner, "Inner tree should not be null");
        assertSame(middleTree, middle, "Should return correct middle tree");

| [GraalVM]        | ✅      |              | [OpenJDK]       | Only actively tested with JDK 11, not with 8 target          |
| [Bouncy Castle]  | ✅      |              | [Bouncy Castle] | [Tracking bug.][bug5698]                                     |
| [Conscrypt]      | ✅      | ✅           | [BoringSSL]     | Activated if Conscrypt is first registered provider.         |

    void testJoinWithEmptyStringElements() {
        String result = StringUtil.join(",", "", "middle", "");
        // First element is empty string (sb becomes "")
        // Second: sb.length() is 0, no delimiter, append "middle" (sb becomes "middle")
        // Third: sb.length() > 0, add delimiter + "" (sb becomes "middle,")
        assertEquals("middle,", result);
    }

    @Test

        dst[di++] = (byte) (i >> 16 & 0xFF);
        dst[di++] = (byte) (i >> 8 & 0xFF);
        dst[di] = (byte) (i & 0xFF);
        return 4;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a 16-bit unsigned integer in little-endian byte order.
     *
     * @param s the short value to encode
     * @param dst the destination byte array
     * @param di the starting index in the destination array
     * @return the number of bytes written (2)

        // Reserved (2 bytes)
        buffer[index++] = 0;
        buffer[index++] = 0;

        // Flags (2 bytes) - little-endian
        int flags = 0x0001;
        buffer[index++] = (byte) (flags & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((flags >> 8) & 0xFF);

        // Session ID (8 bytes) - little-endian
        buffer[index++] = (byte) (testSessionId & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((testSessionId >> 8) & 0xFF);

public class SMBUtil {

    /**
     * Private constructor to prevent instantiation of utility class.
     */
    private SMBUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Writes a 16-bit integer value to a byte array in little-endian format
     * @param val the value to write
     * @param dst the destination byte array
     * @param dstIndex the starting index in the destination array
     */