* in SMB protocol format, handling endianness and data type conversions.
 *
 * @author mbechler
 */
public class SMBUtil {

    /**
     * Private constructor to prevent instantiation of utility class.
     */
    private SMBUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Writes a 16-bit integer value to a byte array in little-endian format
     * @param val the value to write

        // Use SMBUtil to properly encode times in Windows FILETIME format
        SMBUtil.writeTime(TEST_CREATE_TIME, buffer, bufferIndex);
        SMBUtil.writeTime(TEST_LAST_ACCESS_TIME, buffer, bufferIndex + 8);
        SMBUtil.writeTime(TEST_LAST_WRITE_TIME, buffer, bufferIndex + 16);
        SMBUtil.writeTime(TEST_CHANGE_TIME, buffer, bufferIndex + 24);
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(TEST_ATTRIBUTES, buffer, bufferIndex + 32);

        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Integration Tests with SMBUtil")
    class SMBUtilIntegrationTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should use SMBUtil.writeInt2 for referral level")
        void testSMBUtilWriteInt2ForReferralLevel() {
            try (MockedStatic<SMBUtil> mockedSMBUtil = mockStatic(SMBUtil.class)) {
                String path = "\\\\server";

        SMBUtil.writeUTime(0L, dst, 0);
        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt4(dst, 0));

        // Test with specific value (Unix timestamp in milliseconds)
        SMBUtil.writeUTime(1500000000000L, dst, 4);
        assertEquals(1500000000, SMBUtil.readInt4(dst, 4));
    }

    @Test
    void testSMBHeader() {
        assertNotNull(SMBUtil.SMB_HEADER);
        assertEquals(24, SMBUtil.SMB_HEADER.length);

        // Structure size (64)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(64, buffer, headerStart + 4);
        // Credit charge
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(1, buffer, headerStart + 6);
        // Status
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0, buffer, headerStart + 8);
        // Command (READ = 0x0008)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0x0008, buffer, headerStart + 12);
        // Credit request/response
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(1, buffer, headerStart + 14);

        // Header length
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(64, buffer, bufferIndex + 4);
        // Credit charge
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(1, buffer, bufferIndex + 6);
        // Status
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0, buffer, bufferIndex + 8);
        // Command - SMB2_SET_INFO (0x0011)
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(0x0011, buffer, bufferIndex + 12);
        // Credits
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(1, buffer, bufferIndex + 14);

        System.arraycopy(SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER, 0, buf, start, SMBUtil.SMB2_HEADER.length);
        // Status at +8
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(status, buf, start + 8);
        // Command at +12
        SMBUtil.writeInt2(command, buf, start + 12);
        // Flags at +16: server-to-redirector
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(0x00000001, buf, start + 16);
        // SessionId at +40 (sync header)

        assertEquals(request.size(), encodedLength);

        // Verify data at correct offset
        assertEquals(DEFAULT_CAPABILITIES, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, offset));
        assertEquals(DEFAULT_SECURITY_MODE, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, offset + 20));
        assertEquals(defaultDialects.length, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, offset + 22));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test encode with empty dialects")

        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, bodyOffset + 8));

        // Verify token length
        assertEquals(TEST_TOKEN.length, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, bodyOffset + 14));

        // Verify previous session ID
        assertEquals(TEST_PREVIOUS_SESSION_ID, SMBUtil.readInt8(buffer, bodyOffset + 16));

        // Verify token content at the security buffer offset

            // Given
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10];
            int bufferIndex = 0;
            SMBUtil.writeInt2(4, buffer, bufferIndex); // Write structure size = 4
            SMBUtil.writeInt2(0, buffer, bufferIndex + 2); // Reserved field

            // When
            int bytesRead = response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, bufferIndex);