# Middleware Avançado { #advanced-middleware }

No tutorial principal você leu como adicionar [Middleware Personalizado](../tutorial/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank} à sua aplicação.

E então você também leu como lidar com [CORS com o `CORSMiddleware`](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

Nesta seção, veremos como usar outros middlewares.

## Adicionando middlewares ASGI { #adding-asgi-middlewares }

                return null;
            }

            throw e;
        }
        this.fileId = createResp.getFileId();
        this.response = query.getResponse();
        final FileEntry n = advance(false);
        if (n == null) {
            doClose();
        }
        return n;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     *
     * @see jcifs.smb.DirFileEntryEnumIteratorBase#fetchMore()

                doClose();
                return null;
            }
            throw e;
        }

        this.response.setSubCommand(SmbComTransaction.TRANS2_FIND_NEXT2);
        final FileEntry n = advance(false);
        if (n == null) {
            doClose();
        }
        return n;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     *
     * @see jcifs.smb.DirFileEntryEnumIteratorBase#getResults()
     */

/// tip | Dica

Isso é um exemplo de brincadeira para demonstrar como funciona, se você precisar de suporte para Gzip, você pode usar o [`GzipMiddleware`](../advanced/middleware.md#gzipmiddleware){.internal-link target=_blank} fornecido.

///

* Focusing on what is best not just for us as individuals, but for the
  overall community

Examples of unacceptable behavior include:

* The use of sexualized language or imagery, and sexual attention or
  advances of any kind
* Trolling, insulting or derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
* Public or private harassment
* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or email

                    if (upper == res2.getUpperBound()) {
                        // advance res2
                        if (i2.hasNext()) {
                            res2 = i2.next();
                        } else {
                            done = true;
                        }
                    } else {
                        // advance res1
                        if (i1.hasNext()) {

## Kontextmanager { #context-managers }

### Was sind „Kontextmanager“ { #what-are-context-managers }

Если вы хотите установить стандартные зависимости, но без `fastapi-cloud-cli`, установите `pip install "fastapi[standard-no-fastapi-cloud-cli]"`.

///

## Продвинутое руководство пользователя { #advanced-user-guide }

Существует также **Продвинутое руководство пользователя**, которое вы сможете прочитать после **Учебник - Руководство пользователя**.

    This is for client errors, invalid authentication, invalid data, etc. Not for server
    errors in your code.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for WebSockets](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/websockets/).

    ## Example

    ```python
    from typing import Annotated

    from fastapi import (
        Cookie,
        FastAPI,
        WebSocket,
        WebSocketException,

**FastAPI** 提供了和 `starlette.testclient` 一样的 `fastapi.testclient`，只是为了方便开发者。但它直接来自Starlette。

///

/// tip | 提示

除了发送请求之外，如果你还想测试时在FastAPI应用中调用 `async` 函数（例如异步数据库函数）， 可以在高级教程中看下 [Async Tests](../advanced/async-tests.md){.internal-link target=_blank} 。

///

## 分离测试

在实际应用中，你可能会把你的测试放在另一个文件里。

您的**FastAPI**应用程序也可能由一些文件/模块组成等等。

### **FastAPI** app 文件