You can add code to be run with the `request`,  before any *path operation* receives it.

And also after the `response` is generated, before returning it.

For example, you could add a custom header `X-Process-Time` containing the time in seconds that it took to process the request and generate a response:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"
{!../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

    linkedHashMultiset = LinkedHashMultiset.create(size);
    treeMultiset = TreeMultiset.create();

    Random random = new Random();

    int sizeRemaining = size;

    // TODO(kevinb): generate better test contents for multisets
    while (sizeRemaining > 0) {
      // The JVM will return interned values for small ints.
      Integer value = random.nextInt(1000) + 128;

    linkedHashMultiset = LinkedHashMultiset.create(size);
    treeMultiset = TreeMultiset.create();

    Random random = new Random();

    int sizeRemaining = size;

    // TODO(kevinb): generate better test contents for multisets
    while (sizeRemaining > 0) {
      // The JVM will return interned values for small ints.
      Integer value = random.nextInt(1000) + 128;

        TaskProvider<RenderMarkdown> releaseNotesMarkdown = tasks.register("releaseNotesMarkdown", RenderMarkdown.class, task -> {
            task.setGroup("release notes");
            task.setDescription("Generate release notes HTML page from Markdown.");

            task.getInputEncoding().convention(Charset.defaultCharset().name());
            task.getOutputEncoding().convention(Charset.defaultCharset().name());

    // unless it's actually going to be used; validate() is called for all set method calls, so it
    // needs to be fast.
    // (We could instead generate the message once, when the set is created, but zero is better.)
    if (!validator.get()) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(errorMessage.get());
    }
  }

// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//

    # For MacOS with insiders and Cairo
    os.environ["DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH"] = "/opt/homebrew/lib"


@app.command()
def new_lang(lang: str = typer.Argument(..., callback=lang_callback)):
    """
    Generate a new docs translation directory for the language LANG.
    """
    new_path: Path = Path("docs") / lang
    if new_path.exists():
        typer.echo(f"The language was already created: {lang}")
        raise typer.Abort()

git clone $REPO $DIR
# Replace `git clone` with these lines to hack on the website locally
# cp -a . "../okhttp-website"
# mv "../okhttp-website" "$DIR"

# Move working directory into temp folder
cd $DIR

# Generate the API docs
./gradlew dokkaHtmlMultiModule

mv ./build/dokka/htmlMultiModule docs/5.x

# Copy in special files that GitHub wants in the project root.
cat README.md | grep -v 'project website' > docs/index.md

#
# Only changes that have been committed to Git (at least locally,
# not necessary reviewed and submitted to master) are included in the tree.
#
# See also golang.org/x/build/cmd/genbootstrap, which is used
# to generate bootstrap tgz files for builders.

set -e

if [ "$GOOS" = "" -o "$GOARCH" = "" ]; then
	echo "usage: GOOS=os GOARCH=arch ./bootstrap.bash [-force]" >&2
	exit 2
fi

forceflag=""

fi

echo "# Generated with \`kubectl kustomize \"https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/config/crd/experimental?ref=${GATEWAY_VERSION}\"\`" > "${API_TMP}/gateway-api-crd.yaml"
if ! kubectl kustomize "github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/config/crd/experimental?ref=${GATEWAY_VERSION}" >> "${API_TMP}/gateway-api-crd.yaml"; then
  fail "Unable to generate the CRDs for ${GATEWAY_VERSION}. Not updating the CRD file.";
fi