/**
 * A {@link Closeable} that collects {@code Closeable} resources and closes them all when it is
 * {@linkplain #close closed}. This was intended to approximately emulate the behavior of Java 7's
 * <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/tryResourceClose.html"
 * >try-with-resources</a> statement in JDK6-compatible code. Code using this should be

   <span style="background-color:#007166"><font color="#D3D7CF"> server </font></span>  Documentation at <font color="#729FCF"><u style="text-decoration-style:solid">http://0.0.0.0:8000/docs</u></font>

             Logs:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ fastapi dev main.py

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

</div>

그런 다음 `/docs` UI로 이동하면, **FastAPI**가 해당 **model들**을 사용하여 API **문서를 생성**하는 것으르 확인할 수 있습니다. 또한 이 모델들은 데이터를 직렬화하고 검증하는 데에도 사용됩니다.

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/sql-databases/image01.png">
</div>

		return
	}

	// Content-Md5 is required should be set
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if !validateLengthAndChecksum(r) {
		writeErrorResponse(ctx, w, errorCodes.ToAPIErr(ErrMissingContentMD5), r.URL)
		return
	}

	// Content-Length is required and should be non-zero
	// http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/multiobjectdeleteapi.html
	if r.ContentLength <= 0 {

    try {
      getList().subList(1, 0);
      fail("subList(1, 0) should throw");
    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException expected) {
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
      /*
       * The subList() docs claim that this should be an
       * IndexOutOfBoundsException, but many JDK implementations throw
       * IllegalArgumentException:
       * https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-4506427
       */
    }
  }

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial002.py hl[9,15,16,19,20,23,24] *}

## `Union`または`anyOf`

レスポンスを２つの型の`Union`として宣言することができます。

OpenAPIでは`anyOf`で定義されます。

そのためには、標準的なPythonの型ヒント<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>を使用します:

{* ../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003.py hl[1,14,15,18,19,20,33] *}

## モデルのリスト

    try {
      getList().subList(1, 0);
      fail("subList(1, 0) should throw");
    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException expected) {
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
      /*
       * The subList() docs claim that this should be an
       * IndexOutOfBoundsException, but many JDK implementations throw
       * IllegalArgumentException:
       * https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-4506427
       */
    }
  }

```

### `RequestValidationError` vs `ValidationError`

/// warning | 警告

如果您觉得现在还用不到以下技术细节，可以先跳过下面的内容。

///

`RequestValidationError` 是 Pydantic 的 <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/models/#error-handling" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ValidationError`</a> 的子类。

**FastAPI** 调用的就是 `RequestValidationError` 类，因此，如果在 `response_model` 中使用 Pydantic 模型，且数据有错误时，在日志中就会看到这个错误。

예를 들어 다음과 같은 `main.py` 파일이 있다고 합시다:

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip | 팁

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> 의 두 번째 인자는 반환할 기본값입니다.

여기서는 `"World"`를 넣었기에 기본값으로써 사용됩니다. 넣지 않으면 `None` 이 기본값으로 사용됩니다.

///

        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, encryptionKey);
        
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (CipherOutputStream cos = new CipherOutputStream(baos, cipher);
             ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(cos)) {
            oos.writeObject(handle);
        }
        
        Files.write(file, baos.toByteArray());
    }
}