final ConstructorDesc ctor = beanDesc.getConstructorDesc();
        assertThat(ctor, is(notNullValue()));
        assertThat(ctor.getBeanDesc(), is(sameInstance(beanDesc)));
        assertThat(ctor.getConstructor(), is((Constructor) MyBean.class.getConstructor()));
        assertThat(ctor.getParameterTypes().length, is(0));
        assertThat(ctor.isPublic(), is(true));

                Arguments.of(0x00001234, NtStatus.NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @MethodSource("intErrorCodes")
    @DisplayName("int ctor: sets message and NT status as expected")
    void intConstructor_populatesMessageAndStatus(int errCode, int expectedStatus) {
        // Arrange & Act: create exception with error code

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Default ctor: null message/cause and success status")
    void defaultConstructor_hasNullMessageAndCause_andDefaultStatus() {
        // Arrange & Act
        SMBSignatureValidationException ex = new SMBSignatureValidationException();

        // Assert
        assertNull(ex.getMessage(), "Default ctor should not set a message");
        assertNull(ex.getCause(), "Default ctor should not set a cause");

        SmbException ex = new SmbException(0, false);
        assertEquals("NT_STATUS_SUCCESS", ex.getMessage());
        assertEquals(0, ex.getNtStatus());
        assertNull(ex.getRootCause(), "root cause should be null for this ctor");
        assertEquals("jcifs.smb1.smb1.SmbException: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS", ex.toString());
    }

    /**
     * Edge case – constructor using the winerr flag.
     */
    @Test

    }
  }

  /**
   * Verifies that {@code ctor} produces a {@link NullPointerException} or {@link
   * UnsupportedOperationException} whenever <i>any</i> of its non-nullable parameters are null.
   */
  public void testConstructor(Constructor<?> ctor) {
    Class<?> declaringClass = ctor.getDeclaringClass();
    checkArgument(
        Modifier.isStatic(declaringClass.getModifiers())

        v.add(new DERTaggedObject(true, 2, new DERBitString(new byte[] { apOptions }))); // first byte read by impl
        return new DERSequence(v);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("byte[] ctor: empty token throws PACDecodingException with clear message")
    void byteArrayConstructor_emptyToken_throws() {
        // Arrange
        byte[] empty = new byte[0];

        // Act + Assert

     */
    static Stream<Arguments> messages() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of((String) null), Arguments.of(""), Arguments.of("unexpected downgrade"));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Default ctor: null message/cause; toString is class name; type hierarchy")
    void defaultConstructor_hasNullMessageAndCause_andTypeHierarchy() {
        // Arrange & Act

        try {
            Class<?> cls = Class.forName("jcifs.smb.SmbEnumerationUtil$" + simpleName);
            Constructor<?> ctor = cls.getDeclaredConstructor(paramTypes);
            ctor.setAccessible(true);
            return ctor.newInstance(args);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException
                | InvocationTargetException e) {

        SmbTreeHandleImpl t2 = h.getTree();

        assertSame(tree, t1, "Expected same mocked tree");
        assertSame(tree, t2, "Expected same mocked tree");

        // acquire is called once in ctor + once per getTree() call
        verify(tree, times(3)).acquire();
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("isValid() true when open, same tree id, connected")
    void isValid_true_whenOpenSameTreeConnected() {

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