buildTimestampFromGradleProperty.isPresent -> "from buildTimestamp property"
                runningInstallTask.get() -> "from current time because installing"
                runningDocsTestTask.get() -> "from current time because testing docs"
                runningOnCi.get() -> "from current time because CI"
                else -> "from current date"
            }
        }

    private

val codenarcVersion = if (isAtLeastGroovy4) "3.1.0-groovy-4.0" else "3.1.0"

dependencies {
    rules("gradlebuild:code-quality-rules") {
        because("Provides rules defined in XML files")
    }
    codenarc("gradlebuild:code-quality-rules") {
        because("Provides the IntegrationTestFixturesRule implementation")
    }
    codenarc("org.codenarc:CodeNarc:$codenarcVersion")
    codenarc(embeddedKotlin("stdlib"))

        api("com.uwyn:jhighlight:1.0")
        api("com.vladsch.flexmark:flexmark-all:0.34.60") {
            because("Higher versions tested are either incompatible (0.62.2) or bring additional unwanted dependencies (0.36.8)")
        }
        api("org.apache.pdfbox:pdfbox:2.0.24") {
            because("Flexmark 0.34.60 brings in a vulnerable version of pdfbox")
        }
        api("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2")

       execution it sees that the classpath has changed, and so to be
       safe, it needs to re-run.

       - This is unfortunate, because actually it would be safe to declare
       the task as up-to-date, because these two files, which are based on
       the generated index.xml, are outputs, not inputs. We can be sure of
       this because they are deleted in the @BeforeEach method of the

```Python hl_lines="8  10-11"
{!> ../../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_02.py!}
```

This simple case is handled automatically by FastAPI because the return type annotation is the class (or a subclass) of `Response`.

And tools will also be happy because both `RedirectResponse` and `JSONResponse` are subclasses of `Response`, so the type annotation is correct.

### Annotate a Response Subclass

## Standards-based benefits, alternative documentation

And because the generated schema is from the <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.1.0.md" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> standard, there are many compatible tools.

ItemsService.createItemItemsPost({name: "Plumbus", price: 5})
```

...that's because the client generator uses the OpenAPI internal **operation ID** for each *path operation*.

OpenAPI requires that each operation ID is unique across all the *path operations*, so FastAPI uses the **function name**, the **path**, and the **HTTP method/operation** to generate that operation ID, because that way it can make sure that the operation IDs are unique.

      closeLater(ErrorCode.CANCEL)
      connection.sendDegradedPingLater()
    }

    override fun newTimeoutException(cause: IOException?): IOException {
      return SocketTimeoutException("timeout").apply {
        if (cause != null) {
          initCause(cause)
        }
      }
    }

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    fun exitAndThrowIfTimedOut() {

    // Less than 16,834 bytes, because we binary search on a 14-bit index.
    assertThat(compactTable.sections.length).isLessThan(1 shl 14)

    // Less than 65,536 bytes, because we binary search on a 14-bit index with a stride of 4 bytes.
    assertThat(compactTable.ranges.length).isLessThan((1 shl 14) * 4)

    // Less than 16,384 chars, because we index on a 14-bit index in the ranges table.

<img src="/img/tutorial/sub-applications/image02.png">

If you try interacting with any of the two user interfaces, they will work correctly, because the browser will be able to talk to each specific app or sub-app.

### Technical Details: `root_path`