<span style="background-color:#C4A000"><font color="#2E3436">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</font></span>

<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>:     Will watch for changes in these directories: [&apos;/home/user/code/awesomeapp&apos;]
<font color="#4E9A06">INFO</font>:     Uvicorn running on <b>http://127.0.0.1:8000</b> (Press CTRL+C to quit)

```

因为上述数据未包含已存储的属性 `"tax": 20.2`，新的输入模型会把 `"tax": 10.5` 作为默认值。

因此，本次操作把 `tax` 的值「更新」为 `10.5`。

## 用 `PATCH` 进行部分更新

<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/PATCH" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTP `PATCH`</a> 操作用于更新 *部分* 数据。

即，只发送要更新的数据，其余数据保持不变。

!!! note "笔记"

    `PATCH` 没有 `PUT` 知名，也怎么不常用。

    很多人甚至只用 `PUT` 实现部分更新。

    **FastAPI** 对此没有任何限制，可以**随意**互换使用这两种操作。

        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "string_pattern_mismatch",
                    "loc": ["query", "item-query"],
                    "msg": "String should match pattern '^fixedquery$'",
                    "input": "nonregexquery",
                    "ctx": {"pattern": "^fixedquery$"},
                }
            ]
        }
    ) | IsDict(

            - openapi
            - websocket
            - include_router
            - get
            - put
            - post
            - delete
            - options
            - head
            - patch
            - trace
            - on_event
            - middleware

          }
        }
      }
    }

    await fs.promises.writeFile(
      filePath,
      JSON.stringify(openapiContent, null, 2),
    )
    console.log('File successfully modified')
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error:', err)
  }
}

const filePath = './openapi.json'

```Python hl_lines="6  11"
{!../../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial003.py!}
```

Otherwise, the path for `/users/{user_id}` would match also for `/users/me`, "thinking" that it's receiving a parameter `user_id` with a value of `"me"`.

Similarly, you cannot redefine a path operation:

```Python hl_lines="6  11"

#### Операция (operation)

"Операция" это один из "методов" HTTP.

Таких, как:

* `POST`
* `GET`
* `PUT`
* `DELETE`

...и более экзотических:

* `OPTIONS`
* `HEAD`
* `PATCH`
* `TRACE`

По протоколу HTTP можно обращаться к каждому пути, используя один (или несколько) из этих "методов".

---

from unittest.mock import patch

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture
def client():
    from docs_src.body.tutorial001_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
def test_body_float(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/items/", json={"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5})

from unittest.mock import patch

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture
def client():
    from docs_src.body.tutorial001 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_body_float(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/items/", json={"name": "Foo", "price": 50.5})
    assert response.status_code == 200

„Operation“ bezieht sich hier auf eine der HTTP-„Methoden“.

Eine von diesen:

* `POST`
* `GET`
* `PUT`
* `DELETE`

... und die etwas Exotischeren:

* `OPTIONS`
* `HEAD`
* `PATCH`
* `TRACE`

Im HTTP-Protokoll können Sie mit jedem Pfad über eine (oder mehrere) dieser „Methoden“ kommunizieren.

---