}
  }

  private static final Range<Comparable> ALL = new Range<>(Cut.belowAll(), Cut.aboveAll());

  /**
   * Returns a range that contains every value of type {@code C}.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public static <C extends Comparable<?>> Range<C> all() {
    return (Range) ALL;
  }

  /**

Outro grande recurso necessário pelas APIs é a <abbr title="ler e converter para dados Python">análise</abbr> de dados vindos de requisições.

Webargs é uma ferramente feita para fornecer o que está no topo de vários frameworks, inclusive Flask.

Ele utiliza Marshmallow por baixo para validação de dados. E ele foi criado pelos mesmos desenvolvedores.

  }

  private static class Red<A> {
    private class Orange {
      Class<?> getClassA() {
        return new TypeToken<A>(getClass()) {}.getRawType();
      }

      Red<A> getSelfB() {
        return Red.this;
      }
    }

    Red<A> getSelfA() {
      return this;
    }

    private class Yellow<B> extends Red<B>.Orange {
      Yellow(Red<B> red) {
        red.super();
      }

Ce qu'il faut retenir c'est qu'en utilisant les types standard de Python, à un seul endroit (plutôt que d'ajouter plus de classes, de décorateurs, etc.), **FastAPI** fera une grande partie du travail pour vous.

!!! info

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    Range<Integer> range = Range.open(2, 5);
    assertTrue(range.encloses(range));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.open(2, 4)));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.open(3, 5)));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.closed(3, 4)));

    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.openClosed(2, 5)));
    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.closedOpen(2, 5)));
    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.closed(1, 4)));

    Range<Integer> range = Range.open(2, 5);
    assertTrue(range.encloses(range));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.open(2, 4)));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.open(3, 5)));
    assertTrue(range.encloses(Range.closed(3, 4)));

    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.openClosed(2, 5)));
    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.closedOpen(2, 5)));
    assertFalse(range.encloses(Range.closed(1, 4)));

    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closed(3, 4)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closedOpen(0, 2)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closedOpen(3, 7)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.greaterThan(2)));
    assertFalse(rangeSet.intersects(Range.greaterThan(7)));

    assertTrue(rangeSet.encloses(Range.closed(3, 4)));

    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closed(3, 4)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closedOpen(0, 2)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.closedOpen(3, 7)));
    assertTrue(rangeSet.intersects(Range.greaterThan(2)));
    assertFalse(rangeSet.intersects(Range.greaterThan(7)));

    assertTrue(rangeSet.encloses(Range.closed(3, 4)));

    assertEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of(Range.open(3, 7), 1, Range.closed(7, 10), 2, Range.closed(12, 16), 3),
        rangeMap.asMapOfRanges());

    sub.putCoalescing(Range.singleton(7), 1);
    assertEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of(Range.closed(5, 7), 1, Range.openClosed(7, 10), 2), sub.asMapOfRanges());
    assertEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of(