### Классы как типы

Вы также можете объявить класс как тип переменной.

Допустим, у вас есть класс `Person` с полем `name`:

```Python hl_lines="1-3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

Тогда вы можете объявить переменную типа `Person`:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

### Класи як типи

Ви також можете оголосити клас як тип змінної.

Скажімо, у вас є клас `Person` з імʼям:

```Python hl_lines="1-3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

Потім ви можете оголосити змінну типу `Person`:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

<img src="/img/python-types/image06.png">

Notice that this means "`one_person` is an **instance** of the class `Person`".

It doesn't mean "`one_person` is the **class** called `Person`".

## Pydantic models

<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> is a Python library to perform data validation.

You declare the "shape" of the data as classes with attributes.

| `license_info`...

# Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <******@****.***>

# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is

---

Here's how to help others with questions (in discussions or issues):

### Understand the question

* Check if you can understand what is the **purpose** and use case of the person asking.

* Then check if the question (the vast majority are questions) is **clear**.

### 🎓 🆎

👆 💪 📣 🎓 🆎 🔢.

➡️ 💬 👆 ✔️ 🎓 `Person`, ⏮️ 📛:

```Python hl_lines="1-3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

⤴️ 👆 💪 📣 🔢 🆎 `Person`:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

& ⤴️, 🔄, 👆 🤚 🌐 👨‍🎨 🐕‍🦺:

* `Set`
* `Dict`
* `Optional`
* ...など

**ジェネリック型** または **ジェネリクス** と呼びます。

### 型としてのクラス

変数の型としてクラスを宣言することもできます。

例えば、`Person`クラスという名前のクラスがあるとしましょう:

```Python hl_lines="1 2 3"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

変数の型を`Person`として宣言することができます:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

そして、再び、すべてのエディタのサポートを得ることができます:

                It can contain several fields.

                * `name`: (`str`) The name of the contact person/organization.
                * `url`: (`str`) A URL pointing to the contact information. MUST be in
                    the format of a URL.
                * `email`: (`str`) The email address of the contact person/organization.
                    MUST be in the format of an email address.

from .utils import needs_pydanticv1, needs_pydanticv2


class Person:
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        self.name = name


class Pet:
    def __init__(self, owner: Person, name: str):
        self.owner = owner
        self.name = name


@dataclass
class Item:
    name: str
    count: int


class DictablePerson(Person):
    def __iter__(self):