router = APIRouter()

    @app.post("/", response_model=List[Item], responses={404: {"model": List[Message]}})
    def post_root(item1: Item, item2: Item):
        return item1, item2  # pragma: nocover

    @router.post(
        "/router", response_model=List[Item], responses={404: {"model": List[Message]}}
    )
    def post_router(item1: Item, item2: Item):

    client = get_client()
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    response = client.get("/docs")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    response = client.get("/redoc")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text


@needs_pydanticv2
def test_root():
    client = get_client()
    response = client.get("/")

app = FastAPI()

items = {"foo": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: str):
    if item_id not in items:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404,
            detail="Item not found",
            headers={"X-Error": "Some custom header"},
        )
    return {"item": items[item_id]}


@app.get("/http-no-body-statuscode-exception")

    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


def test_path_operation_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Item not found"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

                          example: "text/html"
        '400':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/BadRequest'
        '401':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/Unauthorized'
        '404':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/NotFound'
        '500':
          $ref: '#/components/responses/InternalServerError'

  /documents/all:
    get:
      tags:
        - search

    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


def test_path_operation_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Item not found"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

**FastAPI** nimmt dieses Modell, generiert dessen JSON-Schema und fügt es an der richtigen Stelle in OpenAPI ein.

Um beispielsweise eine weitere Response mit dem Statuscode `404` und einem Pydantic-Modell `Message` zu deklarieren, können Sie schreiben:

```Python hl_lines="18  22"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "Hinweis"

**FastAPI** will take that model, generate its JSON Schema and include it in the correct place in OpenAPI.

For example, to declare another response with a status code `404` and a Pydantic model `Message`, you can write:

```Python hl_lines="18  22"
{!../../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note
    Keep in mind that you have to return the `JSONResponse` directly.

Они похожи на двухсотые HTTP статус-коды (от 200 до 299), которые означают, что запрос обработан успешно.

Четырёхсотые статус-коды означают, что ошибка произошла по вине клиента.

Помните ли ошибки **"404 Not Found "** (и шутки) ?

## Использование `HTTPException`

Для возврата клиенту HTTP-ответов с ошибками используется `HTTPException`.

### Импортируйте `HTTPException`

```Python hl_lines="1"

        raise InternalError(
            f"The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by {username}"
        )
    if item_id != "plumbus":
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404, detail="Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"
        )