String host = "www.codelibs.org";
        String expected = "www.codelibs.org";
        assertEquals(expected, resolver.toAscii(host));

        host = "テスト.org";
        expected = "xn--zckzah.org";
        assertEquals(expected, resolver.toAscii(host));

        host = "xn--zckzah.org";
        expected = "xn--zckzah.org";
        assertEquals(expected, resolver.toAscii(host));

        // Expected format: buffer format (0x04) + path string (null terminated)
        byte[] expected = new byte[directoryName.length() + 2];
        expected[0] = 0x04; // Buffer format
        System.arraycopy(directoryName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 0, expected, 1, directoryName.length());
        expected[directoryName.length() + 1] = 0x00; // Null terminator

            assertEquals(1, security1.length, "Should return expected number of ACEs");
            assertEquals(1, security2.length, "Should return expected number of ACEs");
            assertEquals(1, shareSecurity.length, "Should return expected number of ACEs");
            assertSame(mockACE, security1[0], "Should return expected ACE");
            assertSame(mockACE, security2[0], "Should return expected ACE");

    }

    @Test
    void testReadString_Oem() {
        response.useUnicode = false;
        String expected = "test";
        // Simulate OEM encoding with a null terminator
        byte[] src = (expected + "\0").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        String result = response.readString(src, 0, src.length);
        // The method should remove the null terminator

        byte[] expected = new byte[1 + dirName.length() + 1];
        expected[0] = 0x04; // buffer format
        System.arraycopy(dirName.getBytes(), 0, expected, 1, dirName.length());
        expected[dirName.length() + 1] = 0x00; // null terminator

        byte[] dst = new byte[100];
        int len = sdd.writeBytesWireFormat(dst, 0);

        assertEquals(expected.length, len);

    @MethodSource("encodeProvider")
    void testEncode(byte[] input, String expected) {
        // Arrange & Act
        String actual = Base64.encode(input);
        // Assert
        assertEquals(expected, actual, "Base64.encode should match expected string");
    }

    /**
     * Data provider for Base64 strings and expected decoded byte arrays.
     */
    static Stream<Arguments> decodeProvider() {

    void testNameServiceKnown() {
        String expected = "ERR_NAM_SRVC/FMT_ERR: Format ErrorUnknown error code: 1";
        assertEquals(expected, NbtException.getErrorString(NbtException.ERR_NAM_SRVC, NbtException.FMT_ERR));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("getErrorString for name service error with unknown code")
    void testNameServiceUnknown() {
        int unknown = 99;
        String expected = "ERR_NAM_SRVC/Unknown error code: 99";

    void fieldModifiersAndTypes() throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> expected = Map.of("SPNEGO_MECHANISM", "1.3.6.1.5.5.2", "KERBEROS_MECHANISM", "1.2.840.113554.1.2.2",
                "LEGACY_KERBEROS_MECHANISM", "1.2.840.48018.1.2.2", "NTLMSSP_MECHANISM", "1.3.6.1.4.1.311.2.2.10");

        for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : expected.entrySet()) {

        final long start = System.nanoTime();
        controller.delayAfterProcessing();
        final long elapsed = (System.nanoTime() - start) / 1000000;

        assertTrue("No delay expected", elapsed < 50); // Should be nearly instant
    }

    /**
     * Test delayAfterProcessing with actual delay
     */
    public void test_delayAfterProcessing_withDelay() {

        if (this.pointer == 0 && string != null) {
            throw new PACDecodingException("Non-empty string");
        }

        final int expected = this.length / 2;
        if (string.length() != expected) {
            throw new PACDecodingException("Invalid string length, expected " + expected + ", have " + string.length());
        }

        return string;
    }